What are characteristics of churches in the 15th centuries?

Answer 1

To quote from Prof. Diane Moczar's book What Every Catholic Wants to Know Catholic History: The fourteenth centery was an age of appalling catastrophe, and the fifteenth century only slightly less so. The "Mediaeval synthesis" unravelled and collapsed. The balance between Church and state became unbalanced, famine and plague ravaged the fourteenth century mainly due to really bad weather with the starvation rate approaching ten percent mortality in the fourteenth century, followed by the Black Death: the plague, which killed an estimated thirty percent of the entire population of Europe. Ten years before the Black Death hit, the Hundred Years War began, and when the English were finally defeated in 1453, they no sooner got home than a civil war for the throne broke out in England that lasted three decades. During this entire time the papacy was in distress with the Avignon papacy, immediately followed by the heresy of Conciliarism which ravaged the Church throughout the fifteenth century, finally condemned in 1460. In short, the Church was in a lot of trouble for two centuries, only to be followed by the protestant revolt in the sixteenth century, for which the troubles of the fifteenth century were largely responsible.