Floc is the precipitant when s solute comes out of solution
Beata Gorczyca has written: 'Influence of the nature of the turbidity on some properties of alum coagulation flocs' 'Porosity and structure of alum coagulation and activated sludge flocs'
Da-Hong Li has written: 'Study on physical characteristics of activated sludge flocs'
Degree of flocculation is mainly related to ability of flocculating agent too form "flocs" in suspension. Higher the degree of flocculation, better the agent.
To make very small particles/impurities clump together and form 'flocs' which can then be filtered out through sand and gravel filters.
The steps in treating city water typically involve: 1) Coagulation and flocculation, where chemicals are added to the water to attract suspended particles and form larger flocs. 2) Sedimentation, where the flocs settle at the bottom of a basin or tank. 3) Filtration, where the water passes through layers of sand, gravel, and activated carbon to remove finer particles and impurities. 4) Disinfection, where chlorine or other disinfectants are added to kill any remaining bacteria and viruses. Additional steps like pH adjustment and fluoridation may also be included before the water is distributed to consumers.
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 3 words with the pattern F-OC-. That is, five letter words with 1st letter F and 3rd letter O and 4th letter C. In alphabetical order, they are: flock flocs frock
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 3 words with the pattern F--CS. That is, five letter words with 1st letter F and 4th letter C and 5th letter S. In alphabetical order, they are: fiscs flics flocs
Clarifiers are chemicals that can be modified with small changes in pH so that they will form bulky hydroxides in the water. As the hydroxides age they shrink and become less bouyant so they slowly settle out of the water. The hydroxides form around particles in the water, they will collide with other bouyant particles as they fall and will sweep them out of the water. The Hydroxides will concentrate at the bottom of waters and can be removed by decanting. Flocs can assist the removal by collecting and concentrating the hydroxide into filterable particles.
the variables: ph non optimal ph will lead to excessive dosage of coagulant required. should be in between 5.5 to 7. concentration of coagulant optimum concentration maximize the formation of flocs by coagulant. concentration of flocculant optimum concentration maximize the formation of large agglomerates or clumps to be separated from water. temperature. performance substancially degrades at lower temperatures. It cause poor efficincy for attracting organic suspended solids. -zulfa tahir ^_^
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 20 words with the pattern FLO--. That is, five letter words with 1st letter F and 2nd letter L and 3rd letter O. In alphabetical order, they are: float flock flocs floes flogs flong flood floor flops flora flors flory flosh floss flota flote flour flout flown flows
Treatment of water depends upon its source and quality. Water treatment for human consumption are of the following types: 1.Full scale treatment of surface water from water bodies like rivers, lakes, reservoirs In this type, treatment process comprises of aeration for removal of iron, flocculation for making suspended impurities into flocs for easy settling, clarification for removal of formed flocs, filtration for removal of micro sized impurities and finally disinfection through cholrination, ozonation, etc. for removal of microorganisms and to fight out bacterial contamination till treated water reaches the consumer point. 2. Treatment of subsurface/under ground water from acquifers below ground level In this type, depending upon the levels of presence of various chemical impurities beyond acceptable drinking water standards, the water is treated for removal of iron/fluoride/nitrate.... and disinfection for removal of bactreological impurities. 3.Desalination of water drawn from sea. In this type, saline water drawn from sea is treated in two different processes namely, reverse osmosis using membranes and electordialysis using anodes and cathodes. The water thus treated in any of the above processes is stored in a clear water reservoir and depending upon the ground elevations water is transported through pipelines either by gravity or pumping. The water reaching the beneficiary town is received in number of storage reservoirs and thereon distributed to houses and other places for human consumption through pipeline networks.