They are known as CFL bulbs. It stands for Compact Fluorescent Lamps.
Nitrogen
mercury
its used in fluorescent light bulbs and krypton-fluoride lasers
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No, not in the filament. You are probably thinking of compact fluorescent light bulbs, which do contain mercury.
No it does not
Fluorescent light bulbs use less electricity for the amount of light produced.
No it does not
no
There is no fluorescent light bulb that is better then any other. That is why they are suggested to be used since they have no different objects.
Fluorescent bulbs generate light by using an ionized gas and electrical discharge, whereas regular light bulbs generate light by using heat within the filament contained in the bulb.