Positronic Emission Tomography (PET Scanner)
Positrons are the antiparticle to an Electron.
Basically, a radioactive isotope is injected into the patient's blood, the isotope being unstable desires to reach stability, so a proton inside the nucleus is converted into a neutron by 'shedding' off a positron.
After a few millimetres, the positron will encounter an electron. When these two particles collide they then 'annihilate' each other, a cocktail of photons are then given off in the form of gamma-rays.
The sensors around the patient have photo sensitive plates that detect this gamma radiation, this then generates an electric current which via heavy computing is converted readily into an image.
Positrons are important in medical imaging techniques like PET scans because they allow us to detect and visualize metabolic processes in the body. They also play a role in fundamental physics research, as their interactions with electrons can provide insight into the fundamental forces of nature.
The first imaging technique for the human body was discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895.
MRI
An MRI scan
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI)
The first medical imaging technique is X-ray imaging, discovered by Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation used to create images of the inside of the body, allowing healthcare professionals to visualize bones and detect certain conditions.
Eye
ultrasound imaging
They use an ultrasound machine.
Magnetic Regonance Imaging (MRI)
PET (Positron Emission Tomography) is a very modern and expensive medical imaging technique.
ultra sound