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Changes occur during the time of birth:
Infant's body is on developing in order to adapt the life outside the womb.
At birth, the baby's lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, which are not inflated. The baby takes the first breath within about 10 seconds after delivery. This breath sounds like a gasp. The newborn's central nervous system reacts to the sudden change in temperature and environment. Once the baby takes the first breath, a number of changes occur in the infant's lungs and circulatory system:
- Decrease in blood flow resistance to the lungs due to increased oxygen in the lungs.
- Blood flow resistance of the baby's blood vessels also increases.
- Amniotic fluid drains or is absorbed from the respiratory system.
- The lungs inflate and begin working on their own, moving oxygen into the bloodstream and breathing out carbon dioxide.
Baby's body produces heat: A developing baby produces about twice as much heat as an adult. A small amount of heat is removed through the developing baby's skin, the amniotic fluid, and the uterine wall. But after delivery, the newborn begins to lose heat.
Liver for storage site of sugar and iron : In the baby, the liver acts as a storage site for sugar (glycogen) and iron. When the baby is born, the liver produces substances that help the blood to clot and also a protein that helps break down bilirubin. If it does not break down bilirubin properly then it may lead to jaundice.
The developing baby's kidneys begin producing urine by 9 - 12 weeks into the pregnancy.
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