there are plenty of things that can alternate dna like an extra chromosome not having enough chromosomes ect.
The two parts of the backbone of DNA are sugar and phosphate molecules. These molecules alternate in a pattern, forming the structure of the DNA double helix.
There are two main factors that cause a mutation in DNA. These factors include: the DNA fails to accurately copy itself and external influence cause a breakdown in the DNA.
Alleles are alternate forms of a particular gene, which can lead to variations in traits. Chromatids are duplicated copies of a chromosome that are joined at the centromere. Chromosomes are structures composed of DNA and proteins that contain genes. DNA molecules are the chemical building blocks that make up chromosomes and carry genetic information.
Genetic factors(DNA)
Alternate forms of a gene are called alleles. These alleles arise as a result of mutations in the DNA sequence of the gene.
The two molecules that alternate to form the backbone of a DNA molecule are deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups. These molecules form a repeating pattern along the length of the DNA strand, with the nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) attached to the deoxyribose sugar molecules.
Factors that can cause DNA damage during cell division include exposure to mutagens like radiation or chemicals, errors in DNA replication, and oxidative stress from metabolic processes. Additionally, environmental factors such as pollution, UV radiation, and certain lifestyle choices like smoking can also contribute to DNA damage.
Yes, outside factors such as ultraviolet radiation, certain chemicals, and ionizing radiation can damage DNA by causing mutations or breaks in the DNA strands. These damages can lead to errors in DNA replication or repair, potentially leading to diseases like cancer or genetic disorders.
DNA
Transcription factors bind to specific DNA sequences called enhancers and promoters to regulate gene expression.
The binding of negatively acting transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, DNA methylation, or histone deacetylation can inhibit transcription by preventing the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA.
Exposure to harmful environmental factors such as radiation, chemicals, or toxins is most likely to cause mutations in DNA. These factors can damage the DNA structure and lead to errors in the replication process, increasing the risk of genetic disorders or diseases in organisms.