All Indo-European languages trace their origins back to different forms of the Indo-European language. Some examples are:
English
French
Spanish
Italian
Portuguese
German
Danish/Norwegian
Swedish
Icelandic
Russian
Bulgarian
Romanian
Slovene
Czech
Slovak
Polish
Hindi
Farsi
Oompa-Loompas speak an unusual language called "Oompa-Loompish," which is a mix of different languages. They predominantly communicate in this unique language, allowing them to understand each other despite their diverse origins.
Taxonomy is a science of classification. Taxonomy of language therefore is a classification system of languages. When it comes to language, there are many different aspects and phenomena that can be classified (ex: taxonomy of language origins, a taxonomy of grammar, etc).
The origins of language are unknown. All natural human languages are extremely complex, too.
It is impossible know that for Hebrew, or for any other language. Languages do not have instantaneous origins. They evolve from older languages.
It is impossible know that for Hebrew, or for any other language. Languages do not have instantaneous origins. They evolve from older languages.
Language isn't designed and built like a building, language evolves from the languages before it. The English language evolved from a number of languages, and includes words adopted from languages outside it's origins. That is why all adverbs don't in in 'ly''; that's why all the rules have exceptions; that's why many words have very different meanings that aren't related.
Yiddish is primarily a dialect of German spelled out in Hebrew letters. But there are a lot of words that have Hebrew origins, and origins in other languages like Polish, Russian, etc. You might find it of some interest to know there is a similar kind of language -- "Ladeeno" which is a Spanish version.
English and German are both Germanic languages. They have the same root origins.
No, Spanish and French are not the same language. They belong to different language families (Spanish is a Romance language and French is also a Romance language), and they have distinct grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. While there are some similarities due to their shared Latin origins, they are separate languages with their own unique characteristics.
The Romanian language was derived from Latin. Romanian was probably one of the first languages to derive itself from Latin, preserving lingual elements such as declension and case.
The original language of all people? There may not have been one, and if there was, its origins are shrouded in the mists of prehistory. Some people believe they have identified a possible precursor which they call "Nosratic," but others disagree, arguing that languages developed at different foci across the world.
Aside from the sheer fun of it, writing in medieval language teaches you the origins of some of the English language (and other languages). It also lets others know that you are aware of the origins of our specific influences and cultural differences from other languages. The main thing would be to learn and/or demonstrate your knowledge of how English was formed. Medieval language is merely one facet of the history of English, however!