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"Hydrogen bonding" is something of a misnomer - it does not actually constitute a chemical bond, be it ionic or covalent. Hydrogen bonding is actually an intermolecular force - an attractive force between molecules.

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a molecule has hydrogen bonded to an electronegative atom. Oxygen and nitrogen are the most common examples. The electronegative atom pulls on the electrons between itself and hydrogen (that constitute their bond), which leaves the hydrogen with a little bit of positive charge. This positive charge is then electrostatically attracted to things bearing negative charges (such as those oxygen or nitrogen atoms).

Having hydrogen bonding affects various properties. Molecules that can hydrogen bond generally have higher boiling points and melting points than similar molecules that cannot. Being able to hydrogen bond helps with solvation in polar solvents such as water.

Take proteins for example. Proteins, which are long assemblages of amino acids, often contain groups along them that can hydrogen bond. These attractive forces along its side can help to maintain the three dimensional structure of that protein.

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Q: What are some of the benefits of having hydrogen bond?
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