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First, the common features. Mexico and the United States are North American nations, bordering each other. Both are also commercial and business partners as part of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and have a rather long and complex history, including conflicts such as the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), as well as diplomatic and military cooperation, like the economic and material support that Mexico provided for the Allies during World War II (1939-1945). The population of the Southwestern United States has more affinity with Mexico, since several states like California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas used to belong to Mexico, and the population of these states has a great percentage of Mexican-Americans.

Now, on the differences. Mexico is a Latin American nation with a large Spanish-speaking, Roman Catholic population (Roman Catholic: 88%, Protestant: 5.2%) while the U.S. is an Anglo American country with a majority of English-speaking population and a dominance of Protestantism (Protestant: 52%, Roman Catholic 24%). The racial make up of Mexico is predominantly of mestizo (60%) and Amerindian people (30%) while Americans are predominantly European (52%) and on a lesser degree, African (13%), Asian (5%), and Hispanic people of many ethnicities (15%) of which the majority, have Mexican ancestry. Both the U.S. and Mexico are federal presidential representative republics; Mexico has 31 independent states and one federal district while the U.S. has 50 states and one such federal district. Finally, the United States has the second largest economy in the world behind China, while Mexico is an emerging market ranking at the 11th position.

Finally, some statistics (2016 est.):
Population:

  • Mexico: 123,166,749
  • United States: 323,995,528
Land area:
  • Mexico: 1,964,375 sq km (758,449 sq mi)
  • United States: 9,826,675 sq km (3,794,101 sq mi)
Gross Domestic Product:
  • Mexico: US$2.31 trillion (ranked 11th)
  • United States: US$18.56 trillion (ranked 2nd)
GDP Per Capita:
  • Mexico: US$18,900
  • United States: US$57,300
Median Age:
  • Mexico: 28 years
  • United States: 37.9 years
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