Excessive release of potassium from the cell into the bloodstream. Some of the causes are:
1) Insufficient kidney function, e.g., renal insufficiency, renal/kidney failure.
2) Too many supplements taken.
3) Addison's Disease, aka Adrenal Insufficiency and Hypocortisolism (in this condition usually the potassium is high and the sodium is low).
Additional information:
Treatment is usually aimed at the underlying condition that is causing the body to retain excess potassium in the blood. If diagnosed early, it may only require supplement reduction and/or diet adjustments to avoid foods high in potassium (such as leafy greens, various fruits, etc.). However, some of the problems, like chronic kidney disease (e.g., in Diabetes and hypertension), are difficult to treat later in the disease process to help the body eliminate the potassium normally. There are medications that can help but, especially in the later stages of the disease process, it typically eventually requires dialysis treatments.
Related information:
Hypokalemia/hypopotassemia (a low potassium level) is a more common condition caused by lack of proper diet, electrolyte imbalances caused by dehydration, use of blood pressure medications and diuretics (water pills) without also taking potassium supplements, etc. This is usually easily treated with oral potassium supplements, or if very low, then by intravenous (IV) administration.
High potassium has a myriad of causes. It can be related to other diseases, especially those that affect the urinary tract like kidney disease. it can also be linked to diseases like lupus, uncontrolled diabetes, hormonal issues, and conditions that cause deterioration like rhabdomyolysis.
This topic I have searched out for you will be helpful:
Definition:
Hyperkalemia is a condition caused by higher than normal levels of potassium in the bloodstream.
Alternative Names:
High potassium; Potassium - high
Causes, incidence, and risk factors:
Potassium has many functions in the body. It helps to regulate the activity of all muscle tissue -- smooth muscles (such as the muscles in the intestines), the muscles of the heart, and skeletal muscles.
Potassium is part of the enzyme reactions in digestion and metabolism . It is also part of homeostasis, the mechanism that maintains a balance between the many electrical and chemical processes of the body.
Almost all (98%) potassium in the body is found inside the cells (intracellular). Only about 2% occurs in the fluids outside of the cells (extracellular). Potassium can move into and out of cells.
Blood tests reflect only the extracellular potassium levels, and do not indicate the amount of potassium within the cells. Movement of potassium into or out of cells can change the blood potassium level ( serum potassium ) when there is no change in the total amount of potassium in the body.
Hyperkalemia occurs when the level of potassium in the bloodstream is higher than normal. This may be related to increase in total body potassium or excessive release of potassium from the cells into the bloodstream.
The kidneys normally excrete excess potassium from the body. Therefore, most cases of hyperkalemia are caused by disorders that reduce the kidneys' ability to excrete potassium. Insufficient kidney function may result from disorders including (but not limited to):
* Acute kidney failure
* Chronic kidney failure
* Lupus nephritis
* Rejection of a kidney transplant
* Obstructive uropathy
* Glomerulonephritis
The hormone aldosterone (see the aldosterone test) regulates kidney excretion of sodium and potassium. Lack of aldosterone can result in hyperkalemia with an increase in total body potassium. Addison's disease is one disorder that causes reduced aldosterone production.
Any time potassium is released from the cells, it may accumulate in the extracellular fluid and the bloodstream. Acidosis (acidic condition of the body) results in movement of potassium from inside the cells to the extracellular fluid.
Tissue trauma causes the cells to release potassium into the extracellular fluid. This includes:
* Traumatic injury
* Surgery
* Gastrointestinal bleeding
* Tumors
* Burns
* Hemolytic conditions (disorders that cause blood cells to burst)
* Rhabdomyolysis from drug ingestion, Alcoholism, coma, or certain infections
If kidney function is adequate, and sufficient amounts of aldosterone are present, tissue trauma alone rarely results in hyperkalemia. A normally functioning kidney will excrete the excess potassium that has been released from the cells.
Increased intake of potassium may cause hyperkalemia if kidney function is poor. Salt substitutes often contain potassium, as do many "low-salt" packaged foods. Hyperkalemia may be caused by medications, including medications that affect kidney function (potassium sparing diuretics, such as spironolactone, amiloride, or triamterene) and potassium supplements (especially intravenous potassium).
Hyperkalemia can have serious, potentially life-threatening effects on the body. A gradual increase in potassium, as may occur with chronic renal failure, may be better tolerated than a sudden increase. Slightly higher than normal potassium levels may be well tolerated by some persons with chronic renal failure.
Source(s):Dr. L_H Qutub(Retired)
Most people know that not having enough potassium in their bloodstream can lead to major problems. It can lead to nerve problems and muscle development problems. Many people see these things manifest themselves in the form of intense cramping. The bigger issue, though, is that many people do not understand what causes low potassium. They might think that their potassium is low because they have not eaten enough bananas. This is only the case in a small number of low potassium cases. For most people, the problems are more serious and more difficult to fix.
Low potassium as a result of supplement intakeThe good news is that the most common cause of low potassium is also the easiest one to fix. Many people suffer from low potassium on the basis of the diet pills they are taking. People who take water pills, for instance, can find that they are losing too much of their potassium in their urine. The same is also true for people who take other forms of diet pills. Fixing this issue is as easy as replacing the damaging supplements with some other form of weight loss stimulus.
Low potassium from other health problemsSome more serious health problems can cause your body to lose too much potassium on a daily basis. For instance, chronic kidney failure is known to cause people to have potassium issues. In addition to that, some people with diabetes will find that their potassium levels are not up to standards. These are major issues that must be addressed. Often times, the potassium issues are the least important of concerns when these problems hit. They should not be dismissed, though.
People with low potassium often think they can help themselves just by making some dietary changes. This is typically not the case. Just eating a banana will not help you. In most cases, you will need to address a supplement issue or a major health issue that is causing your body to not produce enough of the substances that it desperately needs. Remember this the next time you get a report on your potassium levels.
alkalosis, diarrhea and vomiting, excessive use of thiazide diuretics, Cushing's disease, intravenous fluid administration, and SIADH
Eating too many bananas :)
Hyperkalemia
HYPERKALEMIA
What causes high potassium in blood
Hyperkalemia is an electrolyte imbalance and is indicated by a high level of potassium in the blood. Potassium is an electrolyte found inside the cells of the human body.
Anything with a high content of salts. Examples are sodium, potassium, calcium to name but a few.
what causes your potassium to be too high
Yes, it is too high and may cause cardiac dysrhythmias
certainly! vitamins- A, B, B6 and is high on potassium!
A high potassium level is an indication of hyperkalemia. This is dangerous as it may lead to changes in heart rhythm or even death.
Potassium is a key electrolyte in muscle contraction. So if your potassium levels or low or high it can cause cramps. Sara, RN
Eat foods high in potassium, such as a banana.
If your blood potassium levels are very high, your heart may undergo dangerous changes in rhythm, sometimes leading to death. Too much potassium can also cause muscle cramping and muscle fatigue.
hyperkalemia is high blood potassium; diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, and trauma or tissue burns can cause elevated potassium levels or even certain medications such as ACE inhibitors and some types of diuretics.
According to Medline Plus, the normal range for potassium in adults is 3.7-5.2mEq. 6.7mEq is cause for concern and you should seek advice from a physician or hospital.
Potassium (K+)