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There is a need for correlating budgeting with planning because without a budget the plan could not be put into reality.
a system of managing government expenditures by attempting to compare the program proposals of all government agencies authorized to achieve similar objectives
Planning. In the planning phase, the military role and posture of the UnitedStates and the Department of Defense in the world environment shall be examined,considering enduring national security objectives and the need for efficient managementof resources. The focus shall be on the following major objectives: defining the nationalmilitary strategy necessary to help maintain national security and support U.S. foreign policy 2 to 7 years in the future; planning the integrated and balanced military forcesnecessary to accomplish that strategy; ensuring the necessary framework (includingpriorities) to manage DoD resources effectively for successful mission accomplishmentconsistent with national resource limitations; and providing decision options to theSecretary of Defense to help him assess the role of national defense in the formulation ofnational security policy and related decisions. This review shall culminate in the issuanceof the Defense Guidance.Programming. In the programming phase, the DoD Components shall developproposed programs consistent with the Defense Guidance. These programs shall reflectsystematic analysis of missions and objectives to be achieved, alternative methods ofaccomplishing them, and the effective allocation of the resources. The JCS shall analyzethe programs and provide a risk assessment based on the capability of the compositeforce level and support program for the U.S. Armed Forces to execute the strategyapproved during the planning phase. A program review is conducted; the results areissued in Program Decision Memoranda (PDMs).Budgeting. In the budgeting phase, the DoD Components shall developdetailed budget estimates for the budget years of the programs approved during the DoD programming phase. A joint Office of Management and Budget (OMB)/DoD budget review is conducted; the results are issued in Program Budget Decisions (PBDs).
Zero budgeting assumes that unlike the traditional budgeting system, there are no "givens". By implication, the idea of using what happened last year as the starting figure for allocation does not arise. Every activity must justify afresh (as if it never existed) and merit any resource allocation to it. This provides an incentive to managers to be focussed in their planning, and goal oriented in their budgeting. Also, that managers are forced to plan, performance evaluation and control become easier . Submitted by DURODOLA VICTOR O Nigeria
The amount of money that a company pays to their direct labor employees over a certain period is considered to be total labor cost. Total labor cost is often determined for the purposes of budgeting and planning.
When it comes to planning programming and budgeting systems, there is one major advantage over alternative methods. That is the ability to integrate long range planning, execution, and budgeting for any system.
What are the disadvantages of ppbs
POM
planning, programming, budgeting, and execution
What falls under Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution
ATRRS
system features focus on advantages disadvantages (LIBS) -centered on objectives/nature of expenditure or purchased item/service (1920~30s) -control financial affairs -responsibility for accounting -clear responsibility on accounting -easier control on financing -rigidity -unclear performance/objective of expenditure performance budgeting system (PBS) -classifying business based on functions of business activities -detail business budget=item price*work hour -Truman(1950) -business centered -management centered -clear business goal -flexibility -unclear responsibility on accounting plan programming budgeting system(PPBS) -planning+budgeting -rational allocation of resources -Johnson(1965) planning centered "planningprogrammingbudgeting" -planning+budget -rational allocation of resources -remove barriers between organizations centralization of budget composition -difficulties on conversion work -top-down budget composition
ATRRS
J. D. McCullough has written: 'Cost analysis for planning, programming, budgeting cost-benefit studies' -- subject(s): Program budgeting
Sue A. Haggart has written: 'Increasing the effective use of analysis through program-oriented management' -- subject(s): Educational surveys 'The program structuring aspect of PPB [i.e., planning-programming-budgeting] for education' -- subject(s): Educational planning, Program budgeting 'Developing a program budgeting system as an aid in planning higher education' -- subject(s): Educational planning, Higher Education, Program budgeting
Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution
The letters PPBS are a shortened form of Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System. It is a balance between the performance budget and object budget.