To locate the exact site in the microscope field that you want to magnify.
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power objective
On a typical light microscope, the low power objective lens will be shorter than the high power objective lens.
scanning objective
The low power objective is used first for two reasons: First, focusing the low power objective will insure that the other objectives will be at the proper height. Smashing a slide with an objective can damage the objective. Second, you can see a greater area with the low powered objective. This allows you to easily locate an object of interest, center it in frame and then zoom in on it.
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10x
10x
40x
50x
you'll see more detail of the cell
One advantage is that it increases the resolution and clarity of the image, this is very useful for viewing specimens that would otherwise be to small to see without the oil. However it can be very messy to apply the oil and can take time and be rather difficult to clean the slide and the microscope. Moreover the slide could become damaged if vertical movement is used a lot; this is because the work distance between lens and slide is very small.
The low power objective lens helps to first fine the specimen or object being viewed, and to focus the microscope. Once the lens power becomes higher it is much harder to focus the microscope and find the desired object of viewing.
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The magnification of the objective lens is 10x. The magnification of the scanning lens is 4x. Therefore if you are viewing an object under scanning power, the total magnification is 40x.
power objective
The longest objective that is usually used the least. The opposite of a low power objective.