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What are the causes of malware?

Updated: 9/24/2023
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Midnight2000

Lvl 1
9y ago

Best Answer

Malware is often the result of people trying to make money by installing software on your computer. Often the software will deliver advertisements, change your search engine, or otherwise do something undesireable to your computer while providing little or no actual functionality in return.

The most common methods that parties use to deliver malware to your computer are

(1) Through advertisements on websites. Many websites need to serve advertisements to viewers in order to make money to pay the costs to run the site or so that the people who work on the site can make a living from doing so. However, many websites, particularly ones with a poor reputation will serve advertisements which are not properly screened, and can be delivered by malicious parties. Some of these ads are present on download websites and are disguised as 'download' buttons which do not actually download the file you are looking for, but rather something else. The website advertiser is tricking you into downloading malware.

(2) Bundled with certain free software. Many people who become programmers make money by developing software. As free software is appealing to many people, the programmers often have to result in bundling adware such as browser toolbars, search engines, etc with the programs. Much of the time, these programs can be benign. They can deliver advertisements only occasionally and do not slow the computer down, but all too often they can impair the performance of your computer or make it slightly harder to use.

Malware scanners often classify these types of programs as PUPs (Potentially Unwanted Programs) and too many of them does often cause problems or let in real malware.

Legitimate and respectable programs can ask to install a PUP (such as Ask search engine) on your computer, but these are often presented as an optional thing during the install process of the program. Pay attention to the options you are given when installing a program and know that most of the programs that are presented as optional installs are designed to make the software author money.

(3) Drive-by downloads. Websites that have been hacked or fake websites often are good vectors for malware. In some cases these websites will present a popup ad that pretends to be your antivirus program and alerts you of potential viruses (although a websites can't know what your actual antivirus program is, they will pretend to be some generic antivirus). These types of ads trick you into installing malware and are some of the worst malware vectors due to the fact that a lot of people who care about making their computer safer actually make it unsafe.

(4) Fake programs, or programs that have malicious functionality. This is a common problem and how a lot of people get malware. There are thousands of "registry cleaners" or other programs that claim to 'make your computer faster' (in truth, only a small fraction of these do-- whereas most others will actually worsen performance), there are hundreds of programs that claim to let you download YouTube videos or something else you may want. Malware authors often disguise their software as useful or a type of software you might want.

My recommendation is to use a search engine to find programs that others recommend or seem to have a good reputation.

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