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Answer Titanium is a great alternative for structural material in terms of weight and strength. Titanium is lighter than Steel and much stronger than Aluminum. It has a low heat transfer rate, which makes it useful for high-heat applications. The one major draw-back with titanium is that it retains heat during maching of part during manufacture due to its low heat transfer rate. Titanium has to be machined at 1/5 the rate of steel, even with plenty of coolant applied to the cutting tool. This is one reason a Titanium part is more expensive; if it takes 5 times longer to machine a part, it will be 5 times more costly. The other reason is that Russia has a monopoly on the titanuium resources. Someone asked me which part would be lighter if made for the same load: Steel, Titanium or ALuminum. I analyzed a simple rod under an axial load and determined the minium size of the optimized rod then calculated its weight. The Titanium rod came out 1/3 lighter than the Steel rod. For bending or other load applications, this ratio will vary. The strength ratio can easily be found by ratioing the Young's Moduls and the unit weight. Fatigue-- A few years ago, Titanium did not have very good fatigue properties. The standard titanium alloy was Titanium 6Al-4V. The fatigue S/N curve of this alloy is very steep; it does not flatten out at the higher cycles as Steel S/N curves will do. However, new alloys have been developed that have much better fatigue properties.
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Explain the effect of austenite and ferrite stabilizers?
In steels, alloying elements such as silicon, chromium, molybdenum, aluminum, titanium, niobium, etc., stabilize the (body-centered cubic) ferrite phase. These elements are referred to as ferrite stabilizers. Alloying elements such as carbon, nitrogen, manganese, nickel, copper, etc., stabilize the (face-centered cubic) austenite phase. These elements are referred to as austenite stabilizers.
What is calcined petroleum coke and there users?
Petroleum coke, also calledpetcoke, is a rocklike leftover of the oil refining process. Energy can be created from petroleum coke, so it is often turned into dry cells and fuels based on the type of coke it is. There are several classifications of petroleum coke, and each one is used to create different substances.Calcined petroleum coke is made when petroleum coke is calcined, or roasted, just below the melting point. This coke is commonly used in the smelting industry for the creation of metals such as titanium, aluminum and steel. This is because calcined coke is used as an anode to produce these metals.The largest single nonfuel use of petroleum coke is in the manufacture of carbon anodes for the aluminum smelting industry which accounts for almost 80 percent of all petroleum coke produced.
What is the industrial application of PFR and CSTR?
The continuous-flow, well-stirred tank reactor or CSTR finds wide application in the chemical industry from pilot plant to full-scale production operation. The basic arrangement, sketched below, comprises a tank thermostated at some surrounding temperature Ta into which one or more reactant feed streams flow at some controlled rate. The contents react in the tank and are stirred either mechanically or as a consequence of the flow characteristics, and there is an outflow.The various control parameters include:· the inflow concentrations ci,0 of the different reactants;· the total volumetric flow rate v through the reactor;· the ambient temperature or the temperature of any cooling jacket Ta· the inflow temperature T0 (which may be different from Ta)whilst other features, such as reactor shape and size might be of interest at the design stage.The response variables are the concentrations ci and the temperature T within the reactor.The product/reactant mix flows out with concentrations ci and temperature T equal to the values in the reactor.The continuous inflow of fresh reactants (and matching volumetric outflow of reactant and-product mixture) provides a thermodynamically open system, in which true steady state behaviour can be sustained 'indefinitely'.by Baijnath
What are the application of polymers in textile industries?
FibersFibers represent a very important application of polymeric materials, including many examples from the categories of plastics and elastomers. Natural fibers such as cotton, wool, and silk have been used by humans for many centuries. In 1885, artificial silk was patented and launched the modern fiber industry. Man-made fibers include materials such as nylon, polyester, rayon, and acrylic. The combination of strength, weight, and durability have made these materials very important in modern industry.Generally speaking, fibers are at least 100 times longer than they are wide. Typical natural and artificial fibers can have axial ratios (ratio of length to diameter) of 3000 or more.Synthetic polymers have been developed that posess desirable characteristics, such as a high softening point to allow for ironing, high tensile strength, adequate stiffness, and desirable fabric qualities. These polymers are then formed into fibers with various characteristics.Nylon (a generic term for polyamides) was developed in the 1930's and used for parachutes in World War II. This synthetic fiber, known for its strength, elasticity, toughness, and resistance to abrasion, has commercial applications including clothing and carpeting. Nylon has special properties which distinguish it from other materials. One such property is the elasticity. Nylon is very elastic, however after elastic limit has been exceeded the material will not return to its original shape. Like other synthetic fibers, Nylon has a large electrical resistance. This is the cause for the build-up of static charges in some articles of clothing and carpets.From textiles to bullet-proof vests, fibers have become very important in modern life. As the technology of fiber processing expands, new generations of strong and light weight materials will be produ
What is LPG engines?
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) engines are internal combustion engines that run on LPG as their primary fuel. LPG is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases, mainly propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10), and is commonly used as a fuel for cooking, heating, and in automotive applications. Here are some key points about LPG engines: **Conversion**: Vehicles originally designed to run on gasoline can be converted to run on LPG. This typically involves adding an LPG tank, vaporizer (which turns the liquid LPG into a gas), and other related hardware. **Dual Fuel Systems**: Some vehicles are equipped with dual fuel systems that can run on both gasoline and LPG. Drivers can switch between the two fuels with the flip of a switch. **Environmental Impact**: LPG is often touted as a cleaner alternative to gasoline and diesel. It emits fewer greenhouse gases and harmful pollutants when burned. **Economic**: Depending on the region, LPG can be more cost-effective than gasoline or diesel. However, this is subject to fluctuations in global energy markets. **Availability**: The refueling infrastructure for LPG vehicles is not as widespread as that for gasoline or diesel, but in many countries, it is sufficiently developed for practical use. **Performance**: LPG engines tend to provide similar performance characteristics to their gasoline counterparts, but there might be minor differences in power or torque delivery. **Safety**: LPG systems are subject to strict safety standards. LPG tanks are usually stronger than conventional fuel tanks, and the systems include multiple safety devices to prevent leaks and other hazards. While LPG engines provide certain advantages, such as potentially lower emissions and fuel costs, they also have limitations, particularly related to the refueling infrastructure. However, with increasing attention on alternative fuels and emission reductions, LPG remains one of the viable options in the automotive sector.
What are chemical characteristics of titanium?
See the link below.
What are the constraints for a titanium bicycle?
Titanium is very flexy compared to steel and aluminium.This means that to get nice ride characteristics out of a titanium frame you need to pick tubing diameter and wall thickness real carefully.
What are the negative and positive effects of using Titanium alloying additions in low alloy carbon steel plate?
Titanium is used to retard grain growth and thus improve toughness. Titanium is also used to achieve improvements in inclusion characteristics. Titanium causes sulfide inclusions to be globular rather than elongated thus improving toughness and ductility in transverse bending. However, I have not found any negative effects.
What does titanium dioxide do for spots acne?
what does titanium does? what does titanium does?
What is titanium also known as?
Titanium is also known as the symbol (Ti). This is titanium's element symbol. The scientific name for titanium is titanium dioxide.
What kind of metal is titanium?
Titanium is a pure element not an alloy.
What is the latin name for titanium?
The latin name for Titanium is Titanium. The Czech name for Titanium is Titan.
What product is created from the element titanium?
Titanium is made in to lots of things like jewelry, titanium metal gifts, titanium material, & titanium parts. So, see there a lot of different stuff from titanium. :)
What are some Characteristics of the moon?
The moon has many characteristics, but which are unique? well, there are quite a few!! - craters - no atmosphere - special layers and phases - canyons and mountains - aluminum and titanium crust - there are many moons in the solar system, not just one!!
Does zinc react with titanium?
Zinc does not react with titanium but it could be alloyed with titanium.
What is the for formula for titanium dioxide?
what is the formula for titanium dioxide.??
What is compound name for TiO?
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxideor titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO2.
