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What are the five FSMO roles in Active Directory forest with one parent and two child domains?
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
There are five roles:
They are further classified in two
1. Forest Roles- Schema Master - As name suggests, the changes that are made while creation of any object in AD or changes in attributes will be made by single domain controller and then it will be replicated to another domain controllers that are present in your environment. There is no corruption of AD schema if all the domain controllers try to make changes. This is one of the very important roles in FSMO roles infrastructure.
- Domain Naming Master - This role is not used very often, only when you add/remove any domain controllers. This role ensures that there is a unique name of domain controllers in environment.
- Infrastructure Master - This role checks domain for changes to any objects. If any changes are found then it will replicate to another domain controller.
- RID Master - This role is responsible for making sure each security principle has a different identifier.
- PDC emulator - This role is responsible for Account policies such as client password changes and time synchronization in the domain
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∙ 12y ago
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∙ 13y ago5
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What is the name of the first domain in an Active Directory tree?
The first is the parent domain, and everything after that is a child domain. So you might have something like. parent.local this would be the first domain of the parent domain child.parent.local is the second or child domain
What is active directory domains and trusts?
A domain as "a single security boundary of a Windows NT-based computer network. Active Directory is made up of one or more domains. On a standalone workstation, the domain is the computer itself. A domain can span more than one physical location. Every domain has its own security policies and security relationships with other domains. When multiple domains are connected by trust relationships and share a common schema, configuration, and global catalog, they constitute a domain tree. Multiple domain trees can be connected together to create a forest." Domain A Windows domain is a collection of security principals that share a central directory database. This central database (known as Active Directory starting with Windows 2000,[1] Active Directory Domain Services in Windows Server 2008 and Server 2008 R2, also referred to as NT Directory Services on Windows NT operating systems, or NTDS) contains the user accounts and security information for the resources in that domain. Each person who uses computers within a domain receives his or her own unique account, or user name. This account can then be assigned access to resources within the domain. In a domain, the directory resides on computers that are configured as "domain controllers." A domain controller is a server that manages all security-related aspects between user and domain interactions, centralizing security and administration. A Windows Server domain is generally suited for businesses and/or organizations when more than 10 PCs are in use. Trust To allow users in one domain to access resources in another, Active Directory uses trusts. Trusts inside a forest are automatically created when domains are created. The forest sets the default boundaries of trust, and implicit, transitive trust is automatic for all domains within a forest. Terminology One-way trust One domain allows access to users on another domain, but the other domain does not allow access to users on the first domain. Two-way trust Two domains allow access to users on both domains. Trusting domain The domain that allows access to users from a trusted domain. Trusted domain The domain that is trusted; whose users have access to the trusting domain. Transitive trust A trust that can extend beyond two domains to other trusted domains in the forest. Intransitive trust A one way trust that does not extend beyond two domains. Explicit trust A trust that an admin creates. It is not transitive and is one way only. Cross-link trust An explicit trust between domains in different trees or in the same tree when a descendant/ancestor (child/parent) relationship does not exist between the two domains. Shortcut Joins two domains in different trees, transitive, one- or two-way Forest Applies to the entire forest. Transitive, one- or two-way Realm Can be transitive or nontransitive, one- or two-way External Connect to other forests or non-AD domains. Nontransitive, one- or two-way.[18] Windows Server 2003 introduced the forest root trust. This trust can be used to connect Windows Server 2003 forests if they are operating at the 2003 forest functional level. Authentication across this type of trust is Kerberos based (as opposed to NTLM). Forest trusts are transitive for all the domains in the trusted forests. Forest trusts, however, are not transitive
Define active directory schema?
All databases have a schema which is a formal definition (set of rules) which govern the database structure and types of objects and attributes which can be contained in the database. The schema contains a list of all classes and attributes in the forest.The schema keeps track of:ClassesClass attributesClass relationships such as subclasses (Child classes that inherit attributes from the super class) and super classes (Parent classes).Object relationships such as what objects are contained by other objects or what objects contain other objects.There is a class Schema object for each class in the Active Directory database. For each object attribute in the database, there is an attributeSchema object.PartitionsActive Directory objects are stored in the Directory Information Tree (DIT) which is broken into the following partitions:Schema partition - Defines rules for object creation and modification for all objects in the forest. Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest. Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest, it is known as an enterprise partition.Configuration partition - Information about the forest directory structure is defined including trees, domains, domain trust relationships, and sites (TCP/IP subnet group). Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest, it is known as an enterprise partition.Domain partition - Has complete information about all domain objects (Objects that are part of the domain including OUs, groups, users and others). Replicated only to domain controllers in the same domain. Partial domain directory partition - Has a list of all objects in the directory with a partial list of attributes for each object.The DIT holds a subset of Active Directory information and stores enough information to start and run the Active Directory service
What is active directory schema?
All databases have a schema which is a formal definition (set of rules) which govern the database structure and types of objects and attributes which can be contained in the database. The schema contains a list of all classes and attributes in the forest.The schema keeps track of:ClassesClass attributesClass relationships such as subclasses (Child classes that inherit attributes from the super class) and super classes (Parent classes).Object relationships such as what objects are contained by other objects or what objects contain other objects.There is a class Schema object for each class in the Active Directory database. For each object attribute in the database, there is an attributeSchema object.PartitionsActive Directory objects are stored in the Directory Information Tree (DIT) which is broken into the following partitions:Schema partition - Defines rules for object creation and modification for all objects in the forest. Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest. Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest, it is known as an enterprise partition.Configuration partition - Information about the forest directory structure is defined including trees, domains, domain trust relationships, and sites (TCP/IP subnet group). Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest, it is known as an enterprise partition.Domain partition - Has complete information about all domain objects (Objects that are part of the domain including OUs, groups, users and others). Replicated only to domain controllers in the same domain. Partial domain directory partition - Has a list of all objects in the directory with a partial list of attributes for each object.The DIT holds a subset of Active Directory information and stores enough information to start and run the Active Directory service
What is forest and domain?
A domain is a logical grouping of devices in a single name and can be administered as a group. Domains are assigned to companies or subdivisions within companies. A forest is a collection of domain trees. A forest could contain domains from multiple sites, such as a parent company maintaining control over several acquired companies with different domain names.
How will you CD to the parent directory of current directory in Linux?
Use the following command: cd .. The ".." indicates the parent of the current directory
What is the primary distinction between an active directory tree and an active directory forest?
The Domain is the core unit of logical structure in Active Directory. All objects which shares a common directory database, trust relationship with other domain and security policies is known as Domain. Each domain stores information only about the objects that belong to that domain.All security polices and settings, such as administrative rights, security policies, and Access Control Lists (ACLs), do not cross from one domain to another, thus a domain administrator has full rights to set policies only within domain they belong to.Domains provide administrative boundaries for objects; manage security for shared resources and a unit of replication for objects.A TreeTrees are collections of one or more domains that allow global resource sharing. A tree may consist of a single domain or multiple domains in a contiguous namespace. Adding a domain to a tree becomes a child of the tree root domain. Domain will be called as parent domain to which child domain is attached. A child domain can also have its multiple child domains. Child domain uses the name followed by parent domain name and gets a unique Domain Name System (DNS).For example, if tech.com is the root domain, you can create one or more Child domains to tech.com such as north.tech.com and or south.tech.com. These "children" may also have child domains created under them, such as sales.north.tech.com.The domains in a tree have two-way, Kerberos transitive trust relationships. A Kerberos transitive trust simply means that if Domain A trusts Domain B and Domain B trusts Domain C, then Domain A trusts Domain C. Therefore, a domain joining a tree immediately has trust relationships established with every domain in the tree.A ForestA forest is a collection of multiple trees that share a common global catalog, directory schema, logical structure, and directory configuration. Forest has automatic two-way transitive trust relationships. The very first domain you create in the forest is called the forest root domain.Forests allow organizations to group their divisions which use different naming scheme, and may need to operate independently. But as an organization they want to communicate with the entire organization via transitive trusts, and share the same schema and configuration container.
What type of domain can be a parent domain in which child domains are created?
Child Domains are created under Parent Domain So Parent Domain IS the Master Domain Controller
How to make a Go back to parent directory in a web page - code?
Type '../' to go back to a parent directory
What is schema activation?
All databases have a schema which is a formal definition (set of rules) which govern the database structure and types of objects and attributes which can be contained in the database. The schema contains a list of all classes and attributes in the forest.The schema keeps track of:ClassesClass attributesClass relationships such as subclasses (Child classes that inherit attributes from the super class) and super classes (Parent classes).Object relationships such as what objects are contained by other objects or what objects contain other objects.There is a class Schema object for each class in the Active Directory database. For each object attribute in the database, there is an attributeSchema object.PartitionsActive Directory objects are stored in the Directory Information Tree (DIT) which is broken into the following partitions:Schema partition - Defines rules for object creation and modification for all objects in the forest. Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest. Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest, it is known as an enterprise partition.Configuration partition - Information about the forest directory structure is defined including trees, domains, domain trust relationships, and sites (TCP/IP subnet group). Replicated to all domain controllers in the forest, it is known as an enterprise partition.Domain partition - Has complete information about all domain objects (Objects that are part of the domain including OUs, groups, users and others). Replicated only to domain controllers in the same domain. Partial domain directory partition - Has a list of all objects in the directory with a partial list of attributes for each object.The DIT holds a subset of Active Directory information and stores enough information to start and run the Active Directory service
The hierarchical structure of Active Directory is made of the following main components?
It is a hierarchical representation of all the objects and their attributes available on the network. It enables administrators to manage the network resources, i.e., computers, users, printers, shared folders, etc., in an easy way. The logical structure represented by Active Directory consists of forests, trees, domains, organizational units, and individual objects. This structure is completely independent from the physical structure of the network, and allows administrators to manage domains according to the organizational needs without bothering about the physical network structure. Following is the description of all logical components of the Active Directory structure: Forest: A forest is the outermost boundary of an Active Directory structure. It is a group of multiple domain trees that share a common schema but do not form a contiguous namespace. It is created when the first Active Directory-based computer is installed on a network. There is at least one forest on a network. The first domain in a forest is called a root domain. It controls the schema and domain naming for the entire forest. It can be separately removed from the forest. Administrators can create multiple forests and then create trust relationships between specific domains in those forests, depending upon the organizational needs. Trees: A hierarchical structure of multiple domains organized in the Active Directory forest is referred to as a tree. It consists of a root domain and several child domains. The first domain created in a tree becomes the root domain. Any domain added to the root domain becomes its child, and the root domain becomes its parent. The parent-child hierarchy continues until the terminal node is reached. All domains in a tree share a common schema, which is defined at the forest level. Depending upon the organizational needs, multiple domain trees can be included in a forest. Domains: A domain is the basic organizational structure of a Windows Server 2003 networking model. It logically organizes the resources on a network and defines a security boundary in Active Directory. The directory may contain more than one domain, and each domain follows its own security policy and trust relationships with other domains. Almost all the organizations having a large network use domain type of networking model to enhance network security and enable administrators to efficiently manage the entire network. Objects: Active Directory stores all network resources in the form of objects in a hierarchical structure of containers and subcontainers, thereby making them easily accessible and manageable. Each object class consists of several attributes. Whenever a new object is created for a particular class, it automatically inherits all attributes from its member class. Although the Windows Server 2003 Active Directory defines its default set of objects, administrators can modify it according to the organizational needs. Organizational Unit (OU): It is the least abstract component of the Windows Server 2003 Active Directory. It works as a container into which resources of a domain can be placed. Its logical structure is similar to an organization's functional structure. It allows creating administrative boundaries in a domain by delegating separate administrative tasks to the administrators on the domain. Administrators can create multiple Organizational Units in the network. They can also create nesting of OUs, which means that other OUs can be created within an OU. In a large complex network, the Active Directory service provides a single point of management for the administrators by placing all the network resources at a single place. It allows administrators to effectively delegate administrative tasks as well as facilitate fast searching of network resources. It is easily scalable, i.e., administrators can add a large number of resources to it without having additional administrative burden. It is accomplished by partitioning the directory database, distributing it across other domains, and establishing trust relationships, thereby providing users with benefits of decentralization, and at the same time, maintaining the centralized administration. The physical network infrastructure of Active Directory is far too simple as compared to its logical structure. The physical components are domain controllers and sites. Domain Controller: A Windows 2003 server on which Active Directory services are installed and run is called a domain controller. A domain controller locally resolves queries for information about objects in its domain. A domain can have multiple domain controllers. Each domain controller in a domain follows the multimaster model by having a complete replica of the domain's directory partition. In this model, every domain controller holds a master copy of its directory partition. Administrators can use any of the domain controllers to modify the Active Directory database. The changes performed by the administrators are automatically replicated to other domain controllers in the domain. However, there are some operations that do not follow the multimaster model. Active Directory handles these operations and assigns them to a single domain controller to be accomplished. Such a domain controller is referred to as operations master. The operations master performs several roles, which can be forest-wide as well as domain-wide. Forest-wide roles: There are two types of forest-wide roles: Schema Master and Domain Naming Master. The Schema Master is responsible for maintaining the schema and distributing it to the entire forest. The Domain Naming Master is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the forest by recording additions of domains to and deletions of domains from the forest. When new domains are to be added to a forest, the Domain Naming Master role is queried. In the absence of this role, new domains cannot be added. Domain-wide roles: There are three types of domain-wide roles: RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Master. RID Master: The RID Master is one of the operations master roles that exist in each domain in a forest. It controls the sequence number for the domain controllers within a domain. It provides a unique sequence of RIDs to each domain controller in a domain. When a domain controller creates a new object, the object is assigned a unique security ID consisting of a combination of a domain SID and a RID. The domain SID is a constant ID, whereas the RID is assigned to each object by the domain controller. The domain controller receives the RIDs from the RID Master. When the domain controller has used all the RIDs provided by the RID Master, it requests the RID Master to issue more RIDs for creating additional objects within the domain. When a domain controller exhausts its pool of RIDs, and the RID Master is unavailable, any new object in the domain cannot be created. PDC Emulator: The PDC emulator is one of the five operations master roles in Active Directory. It is used in a domain containing non-Active Directory computers. It processes the password changes from both users and computers, replicates those updates to backup domain controllers, and runs the Domain Master browser. When a domain user requests a domain controller for authentication, and the domain controller is unable to authenticate the user due to bad password, the request is forwarded to the PDC emulator. The PDC emulator then verifies the password, and if it finds the updated entry for the requested password, it authenticates the request. Infrastructure Master: The Infrastructure Master role is one of the Operations Master roles in Active Directory. It functions at the domain level and exists in each domain in the forest. It maintains all inter-domain object references by updating references from the objects in its domain to the objects in other domains. It performs a very important role in a multiple domain environment. It compares its data with that of a Global Catalog, which always has up-to-date information about the objects of all domains. When the Infrastructure Master finds data that is obsolete, it requests the global catalog for its updated version. If the updated data is available in the global catalog, the Infrastructure Master extracts and replicates the updated data to all the other domain controllers in the domain. Domain controllers can also be assigned the role of a Global Catalog server. A Global Catalog is a special Active Directory database that stores a full replica of the directory for its host domain and the partial replica of the directories of other domains in a forest. It is created by default on the initial domain controller in the forest. It performs the following primary functions regarding logon capabilities and queries within Active Directory: It enables network logon by providing universal group membership information to a domain controller when a logon request is initiated. It enables finding directory information about all the domains in an Active Directory forest. A Global Catalog is required to log on to a network within a multidomain environment. By providing universal group membership information, it greatly improves the response time for queries. In its absence, a user will be allowed to log on only to his local domain if his user account is external to the local domain. Site: A site is a group of domain controllers that exist on different IP subnets and are connected via a fast and reliable network connection. A network may contain multiple sites connected by a WAN link. Sites are used to control replication traffic, which may occur within a site or between sites. Replication within a site is referred to as intrasite replication, and that between sites is referred to as intersite replication. Since all domain controllers within a site are generally connected by a fast LAN connection, the intrasite replication is always in uncompressed form. Any changes made in the domain are quickly replicated to the other domain controllers. Since sites are connected to each other via a WAN connection, the intersite replication always occurs in compressed form. Therefore, it is slower than the intrasite replication
Subdirectories are also known as what?
a child directory inside a parent directory
