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Water (chemical formula: H2O) is a liquid between 0oC and 100oC in Earth's atmosphere. As it decreases in temperature, the net volume of a body of water will decrease, until the water reaches around 4oC.

At 4oC, water molecules begin to form a lattice. This lattice becomes stronger as the temperature of the water decreases (turning it into a solid, ice), causing a body of water to expand. This is an uncommon physical property, as most substances decrease in volume as their temperature decreases.

This property is demonstrated when a sealed container filled completely with water is cooled extremely quickly (placed in liquid nitrogen, for instance). As the water inside the container freezes extremely quickly, the container will explode, due to the rapid expansion of the water inside it.

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Q: What are the freezing properties of water?
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What kind of property is melting point and freezing point of water?

The melting point and freezing point of water are physical properties.


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Only the Kelvin scale. The Celsius scale, for example is based on the thermal properties of water, as is the Reaumur scale. The Fahrenheit scale is based on the freezing point of brine, the freezing point of water and, possibly, the normal body temperature.


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What are the effects of impurities in boiling and freezing point?

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