Pretty much the only "tool" you use is your brain. For more complicated problems, you might want to use a pencil or something, or least a pointed stick. Stephen Hawking does most of his work in his head.
The objective of physics is to understand the fundamental nature of the universe in which we live.
Other sciences depend on the physics of the situation.
Ultimatley I guess this should be Inteligence and understanding. But I suppose you could say things like Maths, equations, trigonometry, relationships, representations and models.
You answered your own question! Physics explains natural phenomena with fundamental laws and principles.
The first overtone is the fundamental times two. The second overtone is the fundamental times three. In physics the first harmonic is the fundamental. In physics is the second harmonic the first overtone. In physics is the third harmonic the second overtone. In physics is the fourth harmonic the third overtone. Even-numbered harmonics are odd-numbered overtones. Odd-numbered harmonics are even-numbered overtones.
The study and understanding of matter and energy and their interactions.
Gravity.
Yes.
The Special Prize for Fundamental Physics
Physics deals with the study of the fundamental forces and nature of the universe. Chemistry is arguably applied physics, and biology is applied chemistry.
How important is physics in the advancement physics? I would say it's fundamental. If you restate the question, maybe I can give a better answer.
Physics provides models of the physical world including electricity, magnetism, optics and mechanics.