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Internal Leaf Parts & Function

Lower epidermis - outmost tissue on the lower side of the leaf; protects the leaf

Upper epidermis - outmost tissue on the upper side of the leaf; protects the leaf

Palisade layer - rows of elongated cells in the upper center of leaf; site of photosynthesis

Cuticle - waxy layer on the covering the epidermis; holds in moisture, prevents too much absorption of water

Stoma - opening between the guard cells; allows for gas exchange and some water

Guard cells - surround the stoma; control the opening and closing of the stoma

Vein - supply support for the leaf; contain the xylem and the phloem

Spongy layer - irregular shaped cells in lower center of leaf; absorbs gas & some water

Air space - space in the spongy layer; contain gases

Xylem - found in the vein; transports minerals and water from roots to shoots

Phloem - found in the vein; transports sugar & other products of photosynthesis from leaves to other parts of the plant

Chloroplast - cells in the leaves that contain chlorophyll; trap light energy and convert it to chemical energy

Mesophyll - all of the middle tissue of the leaf

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