Enzymes, such as RNA polymerase, and RNA nucleotides, which are composed of the sugar ribose, a phosphate group, and one of four different nitrogen bases: adenine, uracil, guanine, or cytosine.
Messenger RNA molecules are fed through the ribosomes during protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA
During RNA translation, items such as ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, messenger RNA (mRNA), amino acids, and various protein factors are used. The ribosome acts as the machinery for translation, tRNA molecules bring specific amino acids to the ribosome, mRNA provides the template for protein synthesis, and protein factors help in the initiation, elongation, and termination of translation.
mRNA (messenger RNA) is the RNA molecule that carries a copy of the DNA message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Once in the cytoplasm, mRNA is used as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
The template used in transcription is the DNA molecule. During transcription, a segment of DNA is copied into a complementary RNA sequence by RNA polymerase. This RNA molecule serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
mRNA carries a copy of our DNA, our genetic information and is used in the synthesis of these proteins.
No, a codon does not catalyze RNA synthesis. Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to a specific amino acid during translation. RNA synthesis is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase.
Protein synthesis
mRNA tRNA ribosome and amino acid
Transcription is the synthesis of messenger RNA from DNA in the nucleus.
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the transcription of DNA into RNA during protein synthesis. It catalyzes the formation of an RNA molecule that carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where the actual protein synthesis takes place.
RNA is required during protein synthesis because it serves as the intermediary between DNA, where genetic information is stored, and proteins, which perform cellular functions. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. Transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) also play essential roles in facilitating protein synthesis.