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Smoking is particularly harmful for Marfan patients because it increases their risk of emphysema.
Yes. A person with Marfan syndrome should have no problem flying in a commercial aircraft. Flights in an unpressurized aircraft are not recommended though, because the changes in altitude can cause a collapsed lung (pneumothorax), a particular risk for people with Marfan syndrome.
A pregnant woman with Marfan should also receive genetic counseling regarding the 50% risk of having a child with the syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome is a set of medical risk factors. These factors determine the risk of certain diseases.
In patients with Marfan, obstructive sleep apnea is caused by the unusual flexibility of the tissues lining the patient's airway. This disturbed breathing pattern increases the risk of aortic dissection.
Marfan syndrome can result in sudden death due to increased risk for aortic dissection or aneurysm when undiagnosed or untreated. If diagnosed and managed early, patients can have a normal life expectancy.
Because patients with Marfan are at increased risk of glaucoma, they should have the fluid pressure inside the eye measured every year as part of an eye examination. Glaucoma can be treated with medications or with surgery.
Women with Marfan were once advised not to become pregnant because of the risk of aortic enlargement or dissection. The development of beta-blockers and echocardiograms, however, allows doctors now to monitor patients throughout pregnancy.
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A Marfan patient may be given drugs called beta-blockers to slow down the rate of aortic enlargement and decrease the risk of dissection by lowering the blood pressure and decreasing the forcefulness of the heartbeat.
Family history of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a known risk factor for development of the disease, as is a personal history of smoking
Similarly, there is no reliable prenatal test, although some physicians have used ultrasound to try to determine the length of fetal limbs in at-risk pregnancies.