Ground-based telescopes, and space telescopes.
Or: refracting telescopes (main collector is a lens), and reflecting telescopes (main collector is a mirror).
Or: Home telescopes (small ones), and professional ones (larger and more expensive).
Basically, the catadioptric telescope is just one of the 3 main types of the optical telescopes.The other 2 main types of optical telescopes are the refracting telescopes and the reflecting telescopes.
The three major types are the optical, the infrared, and the radio telescopes. There are other specialized instruments for observing gamma rays, or x-rays, or for doing processes such as interferometry. Among the optical telescopes are the refracting (lens), reflecting (mirror) and compound telescopes (computer-assisted combinations of several smaller telescopes to simulate a much larger one).
Gamma, X-ray, Optical, and Radio
Radio telescopes collect radio waves. Optical telescopes capture visible light waves.
Fairly tall mountain peaks without major cities nearby.
ISTAR Optical in the UK offers telescopes for general star viewing and specifically for "comet hunting", mounting and other accessories for the telescopes, objective lenses, and astrographs.
Optical telescopes are of two types: refractive and reflective. The refractive telescopes have chromatic aberration (huh? different colors are focused in different plains -- huh?). This is less of a problem with reflective telescopes.
No they are not bigger then radio telescopes at all.
Radiation other than light and radio waves hardly penetrates Earth's atmosphere.
Not necessarily.
Telescopes are the main instruments. There are many different types, such as radio telescopes, besides the "usual" optical telescopes. Other instruments such as spectrometers are very useful too.
Opticron sell optical devices of many types. Among these optical devices are monoculars, binoculars and telescopes along with tripods and mounts to hold these devices.