Microskills refer to creating small fragments of language like phonemes morphemes, phrasal units, words and collocations. Teaching students we help them to see all fragments of language.
Here are some of the micro-skills involved in speaking. The speaker has to:
- pronounce the distinctive sounds of a language clearly enough so that people can distinguish them. This includes making tonal distinctions.
- use stress and rhythmic patterns, and intonation patterns of the language clearly enough so that people can understand what is said.
- use the correct forms of words. This may mean, for example, changes in the tense, case, or gender.
- put words together in correct word order.
- use vocabulary appropriately.
- use the register or language variety that is appropriate to the situation and the relationship to the conversation partner.
- make clear to the listener the main sentence constituents, such as subject, verb, object, by whatever means the language uses.
- make the main ideas stand out from supporting ideas or information.
- make the discourse hang together so that people can follow what you are saying.
The main feature in having speaking skills is also having listening skills. Someone who has good speaking skills researches the topic, practices, tells a story, keeps it simple, rehearse, punctuates parts, interacts, and holds on to positive thoughts.
Macro skills such as predicting, skimming, scanning, and summarizing are important in listening as they aid in overall comprehension of the text or conversation. Micro skills like recognizing intonation, stress, and rhythm help with understanding nuances and details like emotions and attitudes conveyed in the speech. Both macro and micro skills work together to improve listening comprehension and facilitate effective communication.
What is the pragmatic framework........Not sure what you mean here. But all the language skills reading, writing, listening and speaking are needed in communication.Reading and listening are receptive skills and writing and speaking are productive skills.
Macro skills in listening involve overall comprehension of spoken language, such as identifying the main idea, understanding context, and recognizing overall themes. Micro skills in listening involve more specific aspects like recognizing individual words, understanding grammar structures, and interpreting tone of voice or nonverbal cues. Both macro and micro skills are essential for effective listening comprehension.
Speaking skills refer to the ability to communicate effectively using speech. This encompasses clarity, fluency, and proper articulation to convey ideas, thoughts, and information clearly to an audience. Good speaking skills also involve using appropriate body language, tone, and gestures to enhance communication.
4 macro skills -reading -writing -listening -speaking micro skills in reading -outlining -summarizing -guessing -inferencing -taking notes -predicting -confirming
micro skill is unit of skill containing many units.
micro skill is unit of skill containing many units.
values of listening and speaking skills among seaferers
Speaking, Listening , Reading and Writing.
speaking
speaking for speeches
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The main feature in having speaking skills is also having listening skills. Someone who has good speaking skills researches the topic, practices, tells a story, keeps it simple, rehearse, punctuates parts, interacts, and holds on to positive thoughts.
speaking , writing , presentation and interpersonal skills are subskills of communication skills.
the use of a microphone is to speak louder
listening or speaking