Our galaxy has somewhere between 200 and 400 billion stars. Other galaxies have large amounts of stars, too - some have a few million, some over a trillion stars.
What those stars are: Similar to our Sun, they are huge balls of gas (plasma, to be more precise). As an example, our Sun has a diameter of 1.4 million kilometers, and a mass that is 330,000 times that of Earth. It consists mainly of hydrogen and helium. The temperature is ca. 5000 kelvin at the surface, several million kelvin in the core. Other stars are similar, though the physical characteristics such as diameter, mass, and temperature will of course vary.
No stars are actually a galaxy. All stars are stars and all galaxies are galaxies. Stars are found in galaxies. Some galaxies look like tiny dots in our night sky, so might look like a star, but they are not stars; they are galaxies.
No. All the stars you see at night are in our galaxy. Stars in other galaxies are much too far away to be seen without a powerful telescope.
quasars.
There are very many galaxies. There are almost as many galaxies visible from Earth as there are stars in our Galaxy, perhaps 200 billion.
Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is itself a galaxy, made up of approx. 200 billion stars. There are no other galaxies within our own.
Dwarf galaxies merely refer to the size of the galaxy itself, not the stars in the galaxy, so no.
Stars and Galaxies are related because a galaxy is a system of billions of stars, gases, and dust.
milky way galaxy
Galaxies do exert significant gravitational attraction on other galaxies. For example, the Greater and the Lesser Magellanic Clouds are galaxies that orbit our own galaxy, the Milky Way. In that sense, the stars in one galaxy do have a gravitational interaction with those in other galaxies. Of course, the more distant galaxies have correspondingly less gravitational interaction with ours.
No. The sun is a star like any other; it holds no special place in the galaxy. The stars, including the sun, orbit the center of the galaxy. There are also stars in other galaxies.
No. The Milky Way galaxy is just one of billions of galaxies in the Universe. Just like there are billions of planets in the Milky Way Galaxy, there are also comparable numbers of planets in other galaxies.
No, there are more massive galaxies with stars in them.