Depends on where you are, but I'd check your local USGS office for more information. Terms range from seasonal dredging only to year round panning and picking.
It is either going to be on forest service, BLM, private, or national park/monument land.
The laws and rules are totally different for each. The USGS cannot help you except by supplying maps.
There have been occasional reports of small amounts of gold being found in rivers and streams in Connecticut, but it is not a significant source of gold production in the state. Gold prospecting is regulated in Connecticut, and individuals must obtain the necessary permits before engaging in any prospecting activities.
Fossicking is an Australian and Cornish term for prospecting for precious metals or gems. Gold fossicking is prospecting for gold. There is a link below.
The term for searching for gold is prospecting for gold.
Prospecting
Gold prospecting
Outcrops, gravel bars, tertiary gravels, quartz veins. The main clue i use is to let nature do some of the work for you. Gold collects in creeks and rivers and other low areas and is concentrated there. If no gold is found in nearby rivers and streams, then there isn't much reason to try working up on the hillsides.
Alaska
They were prospecting for gold.
Prospecting.
Gold-bearing country during the goldrushes was always characterised by creeks and rivers. Because most prospecting was for alluvial gold, goldrushes occurred around water-courses, so finding water was not a problem.
The Ouachita Mountains in central Arkansas are known to have gold deposits, particularly in the Ouachita National Forest. Other potential areas for gold prospecting in Arkansas include the DeGray Lake area and certain creeks and rivers within the Ouachita Mountains region. It's important to obtain permission before prospecting on private or public lands.
Forest John Swears Sur has written: 'Placer gold mining & prospecting' -- subject- s -: Gold mines and mining, Prospecting, Gravel, Hydraulic mining