What are the steps for performing chest compressions in order?

Answer 1

1. Approach the patient and ensure the scene is safe for both you and the patient
2. Give the patient a little shake or pull the earlobe (or similar), ask 'can you hear me' or similar
3. tilt the head back and open the mouth to check there is no obstruction
4. put your ear next to the patient's mouth, looking down their torso and look, listen and feel for breathing for no longer than 10 seconds
5. place one hand on top of the other, interlock your fingers, image a line drawn between the two nipples and place your hands on the centre of the chest in line with the nipples
6. press down about 4-5cm
7. repeat step 6 a further 29 times (so a total of 30 times)
8. if you feel up to it, give 2 ventilations by tilting the head back, pinching the nose and slowly breathing into the patient's mouth over about a second, checking that the chest rises
9. repeat from step 5 until additional help arrives or you are two tired to continue.

Note that in the recent guidelines, ventilations are considered optional. If you are performing chest compressions correctly, the rise of the chest when you lift your hands will draw air into the lungs.

Answer 2

Before artificial respiration (more commonly known as mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) is commenced, you should work through the universal Patient Management Plan, as in the case of all first aid and emergency medical scenarios.

1) First and foremost, ensure the safety of you and your team. There is no use putting yourself in danger as you will only end up with having more casualties to deal with.

2) Next, check if the patient is awake and responding. Use your voice to shout, and tap on the patient's shoulder to see if he/she can hear you. If the patient does not show signs of response or acknowledgement, proceed to the next step.

3) Ensure the patient has a patent airway. Do this by tilting the head back and lifting the chin. Look into the mouth and throat to see if there are any obvious abnormalities such as a blockage. If you see an obvious obstruction, sweep a gloved finger through the patient's mouth to try and dislodge the object.

4) Check for the patients breathing by looking at the chest rising, feeling the movement of the stomach and listening to sounds of normal breathing. If no breathing is present, proceed to the next step.

5) Palpate the carotid pulse (located at the neck) to check for a pulse. If a pulse is present, but the patient is not breathing, commence mouth-to-mouth resuscitation but NOT chest compressions. If there is no sign of a pulse, commence cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Between every two cycles, recheck for signs of life.

It is of the utmost importance to call an ambulance or seek urgent medical assistance the moment you have determined a patient is not responding to you. That way, a medical team is put on standby to assist you in case you find out the patient is in cardiac arrest later on in your Patient Management Plan.

If a defibrillator is available, it is vital that this is connected to the patient as soon as possible to increase the chance of survival.

It is also worthwhile to note that many institutions stress that mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is not a necessary component of CPR, and only puts inexperienced first aiders in a harder position. My answer states the need and importance of mouth-to-mouth as well as chest compressions, but chest compressions should be given priority and NOT be compromised for rescue breathing.

Another debate among prehospital emergency workers is whether there is a need to check the pulse at all. The current first aid manual of St John NZ states that in the absence of breathing, there is no need to check for the pulse and one should simply resume the whole CPR sequence. The theory behind this is that inexperienced first aiders often have difficulty locating the pulse, especially in a time of great stress and urgency. The answer I have provided is a guide and should not be taken as anything else. Always follow what you have been taught in your first aid course and abide by instructions in a reliable and up to date first aid manual.

Answer 3

1. You place your hand on his/her forehead
2. You tilt the person's jaw and forehead slightly.
3. You give two rescue breaths to see if anything is blocking the airway
4. Then you listen to the person's breathing for ten seconds
5. Finally, you give them thirty ( and 15 for a child) compressions.

Answer 4

you put your mouth over theirs, pinch their nose and blow into their mouth. you can you a mask if you dont want to touch their mouth,when you blow into their mouth take your mouth of so they can breath out.

Answer 5

Asses the person, call for help from the emergency services.

Answer 6

Rescue breathes only include 2 breaths every few seconds. CPR includes the chest compressions.

Answer 7

Circulate, airway, breathe