Allelopathy is the inhibition of growth of a plant due to biomolecules released by another. It is the opposite of symbiotic mutualism. The biomolecules are called allelochemicals and are produced by some plants as secondary metabolites
Allelopathy in plants gives the organism a competitive advantage because the toxic chemical produced prevents other plants growing nearby and eliminates the competition for light, space, water, and nutrients in the soil.
all types of exploitation interactions. One species benefits from harming the other.
Part of the reason is due to inter-specific competition, and because they cause harm to others (allelopathy).
they don't "talk" per se, but can supposedly "communicate" chemically through the process of Allelopathy see the related link
Allelopathy is an interference mechanism based on any direct or indirect effect (primarily inhibitory) by one plant on another through the release of chemicals that escape into the environment (Aldrich and Kremer 1997).This phenomenon is involved in a wide fields of application:+ weed management by the use of mulch or cover crops, especially for those practicing direct drilling.+ Possibility of biological herbicides and insecticides.+ Opportunity of use of crops having stimulatory allelopathic effect in crop rotation, such the case of rapeseed on barley (Oueslati and Ben-Hammouda, 2006).+ For the adversely effect of allelopathy (inhibition of germination, growth and development), it influences choice of rotations, by choosing crops with low allelopathic/inhibitory effect as precedent and the most tolerant ones as following crops.Wish that these informations will be of a certain help.
It depends upon the type of oak, and upon the type of vegetation around which the compost may be applied.Specifically, red oak is like black walnut in its allelopathy. The colorless chemical called hydrojuglone is produced in black walnut and red oak stems, roots, leaves, inner bark, and fruit hulls. In contact with the air, or with other soil compounds, hydrojuglone becomes the toxic juglone. Similar allelopathic effects are caused by American elm and American sycamore, black cherry and black locust, cottonwood, hackberry, sassafras, southern wax myrtle, sugar maple, and tree of heaven.Some plants tolerate allelopathy, others not. Plants that are juglone-intolerant include apple, autumn crocus, azalea, black and blue berries, chrysanthemum, domestic grape, forget-me-not, lily-of-the-valley, linden, mountain laurel, peony, pine, potato, rhododendron, thyme, tomato, and white birch.
All native trees at least. Sometimes, there are exotic trees, like eucalyptus in the Americas, which can be very destructive to the environment because of their capacity to absorb water and the release of chemicals to keep other trees from growing (allelopathy).
Black walnuts exhibit a trait known as allelopathy, which discourages the growth of other plants in the immediate vicinity by releasing a plant toxin through the roots. Since neighboring plants would compete for limited resources like light and water, this trait is advantaeous for the black walnut tree.
The term allelopathy, from the Greek words allele and pathy (meaning mutual harm or suffering), was first used in 1937 by the Austrian professor Hans Molisch in the book Der Einfluss einer Pflanze auf die andere - Allelopathie (The Effect of Plants on Each Other) published in German.[3] He used the term to describe biochemical interactions that inhibit the growth of neighbouring plants, by another plant.[4] In 1971, Whittaker and Feeny published a study in the journal Science, which defined allelochemicals as all chemical interactions among organisms.[3] In 1984 Elroy Leon Rice in his monograph on allelopathy enlarged the definition to include all direct positive or negative effects of a plant on another plant or on microorganisms by the liberation of biochemicals into the natural environment
Part of the reason is due to inter-specific competition, and because they cause harm to others (allelopathy).
These plants produce biochemicals that can actually influence the growth of other plants. So, when these plants want space they can influence other plants not to grow near that space, to grow smaller so they can not compete for that space or even in some rare cases have the plant put all it's resources into either reproductive structures or growth so it can not be successful in one or the other.