A binary relationship is a type of relationship between the entities, which links to types of entities in it.
The different types of information represented in an ER diagram are entities (represented by rectangles), attributes (represented by ovals connected to entities), and relationships between entities (represented by diamonds). Entities are the objects or concepts about which data is stored, attributes are the properties of entities, and relationships define how entities are connected to each other.
A. Charismatic B. Patriarchal, patrimonial, feudal C. Bureaucratic
Bureaucratic turf refers to the areas of responsibility, authority, and influence that different departments or agencies within an organization or government seek to protect and expand. This concept often leads to competition and conflict among various entities, as they may prioritize their own interests over collaboration or efficiency. The struggle for bureaucratic turf can hinder effective decision-making and resource allocation, ultimately impacting overall organizational performance.
Classical school of public administration includes scientific management and bureaucratic theory. Fayol (and Taylor) is representative of scientific management and top down approach. Weber is presenting bureaucratic theory - with his ideal types.
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bureaucratic and patron-client organizations
The three types of business entities are a sole proprietorship, a partnership, and a corporation. A sole proprietorship is owned by one person, a partnership is owned by two or more people, and a corporation is a business entity separate from its owners.
Bureaucratic organizations have a hierarchical structure with clear rules and procedures, while non-bureaucratic organizations tend to be more flexible and decentralized. Bureaucratic organizations emphasize formal authority and standardized processes, whereas non-bureaucratic organizations may prioritize innovation and adaptability.
An important assumption in bureaucratic justice is the presumption of guilt. It is considered that the bureaucratic system of justice can contribute to a perception of unfairness.
In an ER diagram, the types of data models created in sequence are entities, attributes, relationships, and constraints. Entities represent the real-world objects, attributes describe the properties of entities, relationships establish connections between entities, and constraints define rules for the relationships or attributes. This sequence helps in organizing the structure and relationships of the data model effectively.
Philippine bureaucratic behavior can generally be categorized into three types: patrimonialism, where personal relationships and loyalty influence decision-making; clientelism, which involves the exchange of goods and services for political support; and nepotism, where favoritism is shown to family and friends in appointments and resource allocation. These behaviors often stem from cultural norms and historical contexts, impacting the efficiency and transparency of government operations. Additionally, bureaucratic red tape and inefficiency can also characterize the system, hindering effective governance.