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What is a form of kinetic energy that occurs within a molecule when the bonds are stretched or bent a translational b rotational c vibrational d internal?
Vibrational.
Why are N2 and O2 not greenhouse gasses?
The O2 and N2 are homonuclear molecules. So the rotational wave function of the diatomic homonuclear molecules should be symmetric or antisymmetric under the exchange of the two identical nuclei, depending on whether they are bosons or fermions. This would imply that the l quantum number is either even or odd. In either case, in rotational transitions the change in l should be at least 2. This violates the selection rule for electric dipole transitions, namely the change in l should be one. So the electric dipole transitions are forbidden in the rotational transitions of these molecules. The electric dipole transitions are the most prominent transitions whenever the wavelength is much larger than the size of the system, which is evidently true for the rotational transition wavelengths of the diatomic molecules. The vibrational transitions of these molecules can only absorb one wavelength because in electric dipole transitions, the n quantum number of the vibrational spectrum can only change by one unit and the vibrational spectrum is equally spaced, just like the energy spectrum of a one dimensional harmonic oscillator.
Calculate the first two vibrational energy levels a diatomic molecule?
The vibrational energy of a diatomic molecule can be approximated by extension of the quantum harmonic oscillator. The vibrational energy, Ev, is then Ev = (v + 1/2)hv0 where v is an integer representing vibrational quantum numbers such that v = 0,1,2,3,..., where v=0 for a diatomic molecule at the ground vibrational state; h is Planck's constant; and v0 is the fundamental vibrational frequency. For this problem then, you would need the fundamental vibrational frequency of the particular diatomic atom, and then simply calculate Ev for v=1, and v=2.
Are the particles in solid motionless?
No. The particles in a solid are not motionless. They have different types of motion, such as vibrational, rotational, etc. But they do move, just not as easily or as readily as they do in a liquid or a gas.
What does a quantum number describe?
n is the first quantum number. It is the principle quantum number. It refers to what energy level it is and will be one greater than the number of nodes in the orbital. l is the second quantum number. It is the angular momentum quantum number and refers to the shape of the orbital. ml is the third quantum number. It is the magnetic quantum number and it refers to the orientation of the orbital. ms is the fourth quantum number. It is the spin quantum number and refers to the magnetic character of the orbital.
Do the particles in solids move?
Particles within are limited to vibrational motion, unlike the particles which make up liquids which can have vibrational & translational motion, and gaseous particles which have vibrational, translational and rotational motion.
What is a form of kinetic energy that occurs within a molecule when the bonds are stretched or bent a translational b rotational c vibrational d internal?
Vibrational.
What are the four types of kinitec energy?
Translational, rotational, rolling (not sure if this counts), and vibrational.
Why rotational transitions are slower than that of vibrational?
rotational motion is a motion that moves up and down. Like a bungee cord. Biong, Biong.LOL
Why are N2 and O2 not greenhouse gasses?
The O2 and N2 are homonuclear molecules. So the rotational wave function of the diatomic homonuclear molecules should be symmetric or antisymmetric under the exchange of the two identical nuclei, depending on whether they are bosons or fermions. This would imply that the l quantum number is either even or odd. In either case, in rotational transitions the change in l should be at least 2. This violates the selection rule for electric dipole transitions, namely the change in l should be one. So the electric dipole transitions are forbidden in the rotational transitions of these molecules. The electric dipole transitions are the most prominent transitions whenever the wavelength is much larger than the size of the system, which is evidently true for the rotational transition wavelengths of the diatomic molecules. The vibrational transitions of these molecules can only absorb one wavelength because in electric dipole transitions, the n quantum number of the vibrational spectrum can only change by one unit and the vibrational spectrum is equally spaced, just like the energy spectrum of a one dimensional harmonic oscillator.
Calculate the first two vibrational energy levels a diatomic molecule?
The vibrational energy of a diatomic molecule can be approximated by extension of the quantum harmonic oscillator. The vibrational energy, Ev, is then Ev = (v + 1/2)hv0 where v is an integer representing vibrational quantum numbers such that v = 0,1,2,3,..., where v=0 for a diatomic molecule at the ground vibrational state; h is Planck's constant; and v0 is the fundamental vibrational frequency. For this problem then, you would need the fundamental vibrational frequency of the particular diatomic atom, and then simply calculate Ev for v=1, and v=2.
Write the vibrational energy equation which contributes to the internal energy of a molecule?
Molecular vibrations are one of the ways in which a molecule stores chemical energy. For a diatomic molecule, the vibrational can be approximated by the quantum harmonic oscillator. The vibrational energy Ev is Ev = (v + 1/2)hv0 where v is an integer representing vibrational quantum numbers such that v = 0,1,2,3,..., where v=0 for a diatomic molecule at the ground vibrational state; h is Planck's constant; and v0 is the natural frequency of the harmonic oscillator.
Why UV absorption bands are broad?
Due to the number of different transition states of the excitable electrons: electronic levels, vibrational levels, and rotational levels. Rotational levels are within vibrational levels, which are within electronic levels. This leads to many different transitions of similar energy, which leads to a broad absorption band.
How does the spectrum of a molecule differ from spectrum of a atom?
A molecule has additional spectral lines due to changes in its rotational and vibrational energies.
What is the formula for vibrational kinetic energy?
Vibrational kinetic energy is the energy due to vibrational motion :)
What is Raman Spectroscopy?
Raman Spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique in condensed matter physics and chemistry. It studies vibrational, rotational & low-frequency modes in systems.
How are the particles in a solid?
Particles within are limited to vibrational motion, unlike the particles which make up liquids which can have vibrational & translational motion, and gaseous particles which have vibrational, translational and rotational motion.
