Positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons have equal but opposite charges.
The cause is the electrical repulsion between particles.
The largest force acting with in an atom is the van der wells force. It is several orders of magnitude stronger the the weak nuclear forces. It really depends on what sub atomic particles you are talking about.
the particles would all become de-localised, and no elements would exist, just sub-atomic particles.
Potential energy becomes static energy in the form of a difference of potential energy between two bodies, or clouds of charged particles. For instance the motion of any object against another object causes particles to become statically charged. That is potential and electrical. Once an electrical path is found between those fields the electrical force becomes similar to kinetic force and this is current.
Since there is more mass in the uranium nucleus, there would be a proportionally stronger gravitational force in the uranium nucleus. However, the gravitational force is the weakest force, and it is followed in scale by the weak atomic force, the electromagnetic force, and the strong atomic force, which are many orders of magnitude greater, so, in effect, the gravitational force does not even count in the vicinity of the nucleus.
Electrostatic force of attraction
The cause is the electrical repulsion between particles.
The largest force acting with in an atom is the van der wells force. It is several orders of magnitude stronger the the weak nuclear forces. It really depends on what sub atomic particles you are talking about.
Particles are neither strong nor weak. The forces between particles may be strong or weak. In this case, the strength (or magnitude) of the force depends on the specific situation. In the case of electrical forces, the force between particles gets stronger when the particles are close together. On the other hand, the "strong force" between bound quarks is independent of the distance.
the particles would all become de-localised, and no elements would exist, just sub-atomic particles.
Electric force is the attractive or repulsive force between two charged particles. The potential difference between two points can be measured with a Voltmeter.
It not really a force, atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. The outside bit of atoms is the electrons bit which is fuzzy and when the atoms touch each other the fuzzy bits sort of join together. The weak nuclear force holds atoms together in a compound and the strong nuclear force holds atomic particles together within the atom. They are called Electromagnetic forces.
Electric force is the attractive or repulsive force between two charged particles. The potential difference between two points can be measured with a Voltmeter.
Yes, Gravitons are hypothetical sub-atomic particles / gauge bosons. These bosons are predicted to behave similarly to photons, having zero rest mass and infinite range, their force is predominant over very large distances. Like all gauge bosons, these are the mediators of what we experience as "force".
It sounds like you are referring to the universal forces. The 'Nuclear Force' refers to two of the four known universal forces (the others are gravity and electromagnetism).The 'Strong Nuclear Force' (SNF) refers to the force that holds the atomic nucleus together against the electromagnetic force of repulsion caused by the positively charged protons. The force carrier particles for the SNF are the gluon particles.The 'Weak Nuclear Force' (WNF) refers to the force that causes radioactive decay of 'unstable' atomic nuclei. The force carrier particles for the WNF are the w+, w-, and z0 particles.- All according to the [Standard Model] of physics.
The strong nuclear force is what holds the atoms together, so that we don't just have a bunch of quarks and other sub-atomic particles bouncing around.
Electrical charge is a basic property of some particles. According to Coulomb's Law there is a force between charges. This force is associated with potential energy contained in an electric field. This electrical potential is called voltage. When voltage is present, electrically charged particles move (unless prevented from doing so) due to the forces they "feel." The flow of charge is known as electrical current.