In chemistry, a superbase is an extremely strong base. There is no commonly accepted definition for what qualifies as a superbase. In general, there are three main classes of superbases: organic, organometallic, and inorganic.
In organic synthesis, the Schlosser base (or Lochmann-Schlosser base), i.e. the combination of tert-butyllithium and potassium tert-butoxide, is a commonly used superbase. tert-Butyllithium undergoes a cation exchange with potassium tert-butoxide giving tert-butyl potassium and lithium tert-butoxide, an exchange driven by lithium's affinity for the alkoxide oxygen. Replacement of the lithium cation with potassium causes the tert-butyl anion to acquire greater ionic character and thus greater basicity.
Organometallic compounds of reactive metals are usually superbases, for example organolithium and organomagnesiums (Grignard reagents). Another type of organic superbase has a reactive metal exchanged for a hydrogen on a heteroatom, such as oxygen (unstabilized alkoxides) or nitrogen (lithium diisopropylamide).
Inorganic superbases are typically salts with highly charged, small negative ions, e.g. lithium nitride, which has extreme negative charge density and so is highly attracted to acids, like the aqueous hydronium ion. Alkali and earth alkali metal hydrides (sodium hydride, calcium hydride) are superbases.
Strong bases are those bases which completely dissociate into its ions in aqueous solutions. Example: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Some common aqueous acids, from strongest to weakest:hydrochloric acid (HCl)carbonic acid (H2CO3)acetic acid (CH3COOH)Some common aqueous bases, from strongest to weakest:sodium hydroxide (NaOH)ammonia (NH3)sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)See the Related Questions link for more about acids and bases.
The strongest acid that is known to exist is fluoroantimonic acid, HSbF6. This superacid is 1023 times more acidic than H3O+(the strongest acid that can exist in water) and will protonate even extremely weak bases (such as alkanes).
Yes, i believe lipids do dissolve in bases. Alkalis are soluble bases, and the strongest alkalis (pH14) are found in commercial oven cleaner. Seen as oven cleaners dissolve greases and fats in our ovens, one can assume that lipids dissolve in bases.
Li, Na, K etc., 1st group elements Ca, Ba etc., 2nd group elements, give the strongest bases
The pH scale goes from 1-14. The strongest bases will be at 12 and 13 and the strongest acids will be at 1-2.
strongest bases are the hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline metals.
Hydroxide ion
Yes, a strong base has the strongest affinity to H+ ions.
Strong bases are those bases which completely dissociate into its ions in aqueous solutions. Example: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Some common aqueous acids, from strongest to weakest:hydrochloric acid (HCl)carbonic acid (H2CO3)acetic acid (CH3COOH)Some common aqueous bases, from strongest to weakest:sodium hydroxide (NaOH)ammonia (NH3)sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)See the Related Questions link for more about acids and bases.
Among these NH3 is the weakest base so strongest conjugate acid would be NH4+ ion.
The strongest bases are pH 13 or 14.
The strongest acid that is known to exist is fluoroantimonic acid, HSbF6. This superacid is 1023 times more acidic than H3O+(the strongest acid that can exist in water) and will protonate even extremely weak bases (such as alkanes).
Yes, i believe lipids do dissolve in bases. Alkalis are soluble bases, and the strongest alkalis (pH14) are found in commercial oven cleaner. Seen as oven cleaners dissolve greases and fats in our ovens, one can assume that lipids dissolve in bases.
the strongest mineral is the diamond, actually the strongest mineral is the quartz and the strongest rock is diamond
Li, Na, K etc., 1st group elements Ca, Ba etc., 2nd group elements, give the strongest bases