What belief held by john Locke becamo the foundation of European and American democracy?

Answer 1

The basis of Locke's revolutionary political philosophy is stated in the first sentence of the Preamble to the Declaration of Independence:

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

Prior to that, it was almost universally believed that God had made all people naturally subject to a monarch, so that revolution against a king was almost sacrilege.

But if people have natural rights, independent of what a monarch may decided to grant, then legitimate governments exist only as a result of "the social contract", under which people voluntarily surrender some of their natural rights in order to create a government, but conditionally, only so long they can better and more safely enjoy their lives, liberty, and happiness. (Under the old system of belief, government existed by the creation of God, not by the power of the people.)

It naturally followed in Locke's mind that if the government does not fill its part of the contract properly, then it should be overthrown and replaced by a new government that does, and that provided the philosophical underpinning to the American Revolution, as expressed in the rest of the Preamble:

"That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness."

Answer 2

What invites happened last of world history