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What do the following terms mean Cytotoxic?
Cytotoxic refers to substances or processes that are toxic to cells, typically targeting and destroying them. In the context of cancer treatment, cytotoxic drugs or therapies are used to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells.
What biological toxin is cytotoxic to rapidly dividing cells such as those in bone marrow gastrointestinal tract and skin that rapidly leads to development of oral and skin ulcerations and GI bleed?
The biological toxin you are referring to is likely a chemotherapeutic agent such as methotrexate. This drug targets rapidly dividing cells, including those in the bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and skin, leading to side effects such as oral and skin ulcerations, as well as gastrointestinal bleeding. By inhibiting cell proliferation, these toxins can effectively target cancer cells but also affect normal rapidly dividing cells.
Which biological toxin is cytotoxic?
Ricin is a biological toxin that is cytotoxic. It is a protein found in the seeds of the castor oil plant and acts by inhibiting protein synthesis in cells, leading to cell death.
How do helper T cells contribute to the body's defense against pathogens?
Helper T cells help to activate T-cytotoxic cells and B-cells. For instance, if you become infected with a pathogen, a macrophage can consume that pathogen and then present parts of it on its own MHC (Major Histocompatability Complex) receptors. T helper cells then detect this and if this is a pathogen previously encountered, it can stimulate T-cytotoxic cells to begin attacking infected cells, and stimulate B-memory cells to begin rapidly dividing into B-plasma cells to produce anitbodies.
How do helper T cell contribute to the body's defense against pathogens?
Helper T cells help to activate T-cytotoxic cells and B-cells. For instance, if you become infected with a pathogen, a macrophage can consume that pathogen and then present parts of it on its own MHC (Major Histocompatability Complex) receptors. T helper cells then detect this and if this is a pathogen previously encountered, it can stimulate T-cytotoxic cells to begin attacking infected cells, and stimulate B-memory cells to begin rapidly dividing into B-plasma cells to produce anitbodies.
Cells that directly attack and kill other cells?
Cells that directly attack and kill other cells are known as cytotoxic cells. These can include natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T cells, and macrophages. They play a crucial role in the immune system's defense against infected or abnormal cells.
What does a cytotoxic B cell do?
A cytotoxic B cell produces antibodies that can directly bind to and kill infected or abnormal cells. These antibodies mark the target cells for destruction by other immune cells, leading to the elimination of the threat.
What are cytotoxic drugs?
Cytotoxic drugs-- Drugs that function by destroying cells.
What drug is a medication that kills or damages cells?
A medicine which destroys cells, such as chemotherapy, usually destroys cells by targeting the mechanisms that cells use for division. They are administered by injection to the bloodstream or as tablets/capsules.
Which cell produces perforin?
Perforin is produced by cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells) and natural killer (NK) cells. It is used in these cells to induce cell apoptosis in target cells, such as infected or cancerous cells.
What does T cytotoxic cell?
The cytotoxic T cell, when it finds cells displaying the wrong antigens, ruptures the cell membrane of the offending cell killing it. Cytotoxic T cells are effective against virus infected cells and cancer cells.
What type of cells are cytotoxic?
Cytotoxic cells are a type of white blood cell called cytotoxic T cells. These cells are important for the immune system's response to infection and cancer, as they can identify and kill infected or abnormal cells.
