sulfur mustard
Sulfur Mustard
CS Gas.
The body responds to any injury or infection with the inflammatory response. The initial response to cell damage in a wound triggers the complex cascade of chemical and biological reactions that result in inflammation. The major contributor to this is the release of histamines plus neutrophils and monocytes, which are specialized white blood cells.
Histamine release can be stimulated by various triggers such as allergens, physical injury, stress, and certain types of drugs. When the immune system detects these triggers, it releases histamine as part of the inflammatory response.
An inflammatory response characterized by sneezing or a runny nose is typically caused by the body's immune system reacting to irritants such as dust, pollen, or viruses. This response triggers the release of histamine, which increases blood flow to the affected area and results in the symptoms of sneezing and a runny nose.
When you flex a muscle, it puts pressure on the muscle fibers, causing microscopic damage. This damage triggers an inflammatory response, leading to pain and soreness in the muscle.
The stimulus is what triggers the reflex response.
receptor. When a ligand binds to its receptor on the cell surface or within the cell, it triggers a specific biological response or signaling pathway. The specificity of this interaction between ligand and receptor is critical in determining the cellular response.
A molecule such as a neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to a receptor is called a ligand. This binding triggers a biological response in the target cell, influencing its function.
In some diseases, the immune system inappropriately triggers a response when there are no foreign substances to fight off. The immune system causes damage to its own tissues. The body responds as if the tissues are infected or abnormal.
Your calf muscles may be sore after a workout due to microscopic damage to the muscle fibers, which occurs during exercise. This damage triggers an inflammatory response in the body, leading to soreness and stiffness in the muscles as they repair and strengthen.
The inflammatory response is a crucial part of the body's defense mechanism against infections. When pathogens invade, the immune system triggers the release of chemicals like histamines and cytokines, leading to increased blood flow and the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection. This results in redness, heat, swelling, and pain, which help isolate and eliminate the pathogens. Additionally, these immune cells work to destroy the invaders and facilitate tissue repair.