its called a meniscus
1. Look at the liquid at eye level 2. Measure from the meniscus (the curved line at the surface of the liquid) 3. Be sure to measure your intervals (the value of each measurement line on the cylinder)
The meniscus is the concave line of liquid that forms in a graduated cylinder (measuring volume) due to that liquid's adhesion (the tendency to want to stick to other things). When measuring a liquid's volume in a graduated cylinder, you read the volume from the bottom of the meniscus. Therefore, the meniscus does not measure anything, it is where you measure a liquid's volume from.
A measuring cylinder is used to measure the volume of liquids. A measuring cylinder is used for measuring solutions, liquids and also water. For example, a solution made up of salt and water could be measured.
The liquid molecules are more strongly attracted to the graduated cylinder than to each other. This causes the liquid to rise up on the sides of the graduated cylinder. Therefore it is important to read the line, even with the center of the meniscus, and at the bottom of the meniscus to accurately measure the volume of a liquid in the graduated cylinder. If you are still a bit confused I also found some information at this website: http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistrylabexperiments/qt/meniscus.htm
Liquid-line filter drier.
The "bottom of a curved line" made by the liquid in a graduated cylinder could be called the "measuring line" or "reference line" in the application of that piece of labratory equipment. The curved surface of the liquid itself is called the meniscus, and we look to the bottom of the meniscus to make our reading as to the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder. The liquid in the cylinder "grabs" the sides of the cylinder and "pulls itself up" just a bit, and that creates the curve in the surface of the liquid. And that curve, the meniscus (which is from the Greek word for crescent), leaves us with a problem: where do we "read" the volume marked off by the graduations along the side of the cylinder? And the answer is, "At the bottom of the meniscus."
A graduated cylinder is used to measure liquid volume in milliliters, mL. When you place a liquid into a glass graduated cylinder, you will see that the "line" at the top of the column of liquid is actually curved downward. This is called the meniscus. When you measure the liquid volume, you record the volume in mL at the bottom of the meniscus.
1. Look at the liquid at eye level 2. Measure from the meniscus (the curved line at the surface of the liquid) 3. Be sure to measure your intervals (the value of each measurement line on the cylinder)
The meniscus is the concave line of liquid that forms in a graduated cylinder (measuring volume) due to that liquid's adhesion (the tendency to want to stick to other things). When measuring a liquid's volume in a graduated cylinder, you read the volume from the bottom of the meniscus. Therefore, the meniscus does not measure anything, it is where you measure a liquid's volume from.
calibration mark
VariablesD = Cylinder diameter [L].Dbot = Cone bottom diameter [L].Dtop = Cone top diameter [L].h = Cone height [L].L = Cylinder length [L].T = Top width of liquid in cylinder [L].y = Liquid depth in sphere or cylinder [L].z = Horizontal to vertical side slope of cone. zDbot.Ø = Angle representing how full the cylinder is [radians or degrees]. An empty cylinder has Ø=0o, a cylinder with Ø=180o is half full, and a cylinder with Ø=360o is completely full.
meniscus
This line is called the meniscus.
A measuring cylinder is used to measure the volume of liquids. A measuring cylinder is used for measuring solutions, liquids and also water. For example, a solution made up of salt and water could be measured.
The top line is always the return line, The cooler has to fill from the bottom or the fluid would get airated.
The baseline
at the bottom of the meniscus