DNA polymerase checks DNA for errors.
DNA polymerase checks DNA for errors by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the paired nitrogen bases in the DNA molecule. This causes the molecule to separate into two individual strands.
Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have proofreading mechanisms built in that read newly synthesized DNA strands and check for mutations. Then by utilizing exonucleases and ligases they can cut and remove the mutated base pair and religate the DNA (join the ends back together again). One way you could help to lower the mutation rate of an organism would be to make sure that genes coding for things like DNA polymerase III (Eukaryotes) or DAM Methylase (Prokaryotes) are not mutated, because these are proofreaders in the cell and if they don't function properly you will see a ton of mutations.
Because DNA damage occurs spontaneously and as a result to ubiquitous environmental agents, most organisms possess some capacity to repair their DNA and DNA is the only macromolecule which IS repaired by cells. We can divide "repair" mechanisms into 3 categories:
damage reversal--simplest; enzymatic action restores normal structure without breaking backbone
damage removal--involves cutting out and replacing a damaged or inappropriate base or section of nucleotides
damage tolerance--not truly repair but a way of coping with damage so that life can go on
There isn't one. Mutations occur by themselves; you can't really "do" anything to "stop" them.
there is no preventhing mutation
yes
yes
It checks DNA for errors during replication.
A mutation occurring in a germ cell is heritable 50% of the time. Somatic cell mutations only affect the individual cell and its progeny produced by mitosis. Somatic cell mutations cannot be passed on to the organism's offspring.
Mutations and emergent properties.
If the mutations can be helpful to reach the color goal it may help the process go faster or may introduce a color that is the exact same color as your goal.
This is a member of the normal microbiota for most people, and it is difficult to prevent contact with it.
Yes. Mutations are random copying errors much of the time and that never stops because replication is not perfect.
It checks DNA for errors during replication.
How can temperature either help fusion to occur or prevent fusion from occurring?
Hormonal forms of birth control (the Pill, Depo-Provera shots, the Nuva ring, the Patch) prevent eggs from being released, and therefore prevent fertilization from occurring. Condoms (male and female) also prevent fertilization from occurring if they are used properly. The IUD prevents implanation after fertilization by a process not fully understood.
Mutations
No. There is no way for us to prevent tornadoes. We cannot control nature.
A mutation occurring in a germ cell is heritable 50% of the time. Somatic cell mutations only affect the individual cell and its progeny produced by mitosis. Somatic cell mutations cannot be passed on to the organism's offspring.
A mutation occurring in a germ cell is heritable 50% of the time. Somatic cell mutations only affect the individual cell and its progeny produced by mitosis. Somatic cell mutations cannot be passed on to the organism's offspring.
Mutations
Sometimes you can prevent conflicts by walking away from the conflict.
Contraceptives are used to prevent pregnancy from occurring.
The process of condesation