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The paint finish doesn't significantly change the surface preparation necessary. If the paint is the same type (water based going over waterbased or enamel over enamel) then the preparation is simply: * cleaning, * remove loose material, * fill any holes or hollows, * sanding and * wiping, If you are changing the type of paint (eg: painting waterbased over enamel) you may need to use an etch primer to "key" the surface and give the new paint a texture to grip onto after sanding, and otherwise prepare as above.
It will protect the paint as long as you use a water based varnish, never use oil based varnish over water based paint. Tip: "water based enamel= water based finish". "oil based enamel= oil based finish".
I would use a good hard enamel like Tremclad (available in Home Depot) and if you're painting a design on it I'd protect that with a good clearcoat.
Use an enamel undercoater. It covers well and is easy to sand to perfection.
You can use either enamel (oil-based) paint or latex (water-based) paint. If you are using latex paint, you need to use a primer (undercoat) first. The paint store will have a special primer that allows you to paint latex over enamel. If you are going to do this, it is also a good idea to either sand the enamel paint before you paint over it, or wash it with TSP (trisodium phosphate) cleaner to remove the gloss.
Many hotels that use paint use satin or semi-gloss latex paint in their interior applications.
Use oil based enamel paint.
Just use satin finish paint.
Rustoleum is made for painting metals.
Yes, some do use that.
It's hard to get a paint to stick to stainless. Use an etching primer and then an enamel-type of paint.
I would use Hammerite or a Tremclad enamel.