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At prophase I in meiosis the process of independent orientation of chromosomes takes place. Simplified example; one way or the other of the two ways this process take place.

XX

YY

or

XY

YX

Then in this same phase their is crossing over where the male and female chromosomes exchange parts of their chromosomes with each other.

Finally, with all these variations of gametes, there is random fertilization where any two male and female gametes join together to form a zygote.

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11y ago
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12y ago

because of the mix of genes that are mixed while fertilizing happens.

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Q: How does sexual reproduction lead to genetic variation in humans?
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