both
Asexual reproduction decreases genetic variation which is the raw material on which natural selection operates. This is because asexual reproduction produces identical offspring to the parent.
Mutation.
Genetic variation
Asexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction is basically the act of an organism making an exact copy of itself without the help of another organism, while sexual reproduction is the act of two organisms crossing their genetics to create offspring.
Asexual reproduction decreases genetic variation which is the raw material on which natural selection operates. This is because asexual reproduction produces identical offspring to the parent.
Mutation.
Genetic variation
Asexual reproduction.
Cross-pollination produces more genetic variation in offspring because it is a different set of DNA that is breeding with the parents DNA to produce the offspring (known as sexual reproduction). In asexual reproduction, the parent plant uses a clone DNA to self pollinate thus creating an exact copy of the parent. Asexual reproduction inhibits genetic variation because the offspring will never develop mutations that could help natural selection.
Sexual reproduction is more advantageous than asexual reproduction because it allows for genetic diversity. In asexual reproduction there is only one source of genetic material whereas with sexual reproduction there are two sources of genetic material.
Sexual reproduction (using meiosis) provides genetic variation because the two parent's traits are combined. With asexual reproduction, the parent gene is just duplicated.
Asexual reproduction results in offspring which are genetically the same as the parent organism (not counting a rare mutation). Sexual reproduction produces a random mixture of the genetics derived from both parents.In sexual reproduction, offspring are not identical to either parent.
Produces unique offspring instead of genetic copies.
There is genetic variation in the sea stars as a result of sexual reproduction.
In asexual reproduction there is no independent orientation of chromosomes, not crossing over and no random fertilization. Cloning the exact genetic material from organism to progeny is all asexual reproduction is. So, very little chance of anything but mutation, copying errors, are going to happen in asexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction impacts genetic variation by limiting future genetic change to mutations only; sexual reproduction allows future generation to mix in a nearly infinite range of phenotypes (external appearance).