The direction from which light hits an object determines the direction of the shadow it makes
The angle of the earth to the sun changes the direction and size of shadows during the day. Since the earth rotates giving us night and day, the angle at which the suns light is hitting the earth(and you) determine the size/shape of the shadow
South
Dugesia has eyespots on its head that detect light and shadows. It most likely moves in the direction of shadows in order to find food.
If the Sun is shjining from the East, then the shadows would be towards the West.
because of the suns direction
The Moon LOL!
Eclipses are shadows; the Sun is so bright that it CAUSES shadows, it doesn't EXPERIENCE them.
the rotation of earth
If the flash is pointing in the same direction as where the camera is pointed, there will be no shadows as any shadows are dispersed by the light from the flash.
When the sun is in the east, shadows fall toward the west side of objects.
Rotation as such doesn't cause shadows. What causes shadows is when there's something blocking the way between a Surface and a light source.
As the earth rotates the angle if the sunlight changes which affects shadows.