friction
Conversion from chemical potential energy to thermal energy.
Electrical energy is converted into thermal and kinetic energy.
None of those processes causes or produces thermal energy. Each of them moves thermal energy from one place to another.
chemical to thermal
Thermal energy is the moment of atoms and molecules in a substance that causes heat.
Conversion from chemical potential energy to thermal energy.
Kinetic Energy will [always] do this.
Combustion.
Electrical energy absorbed by the lamp's filament produces thermal energy as well as light.
Chemical energy is converted to thermal energy.The conversion that is taking place is chemical energy into thermal energy. The type of conversion is taking place when natural gas is used to heat water is chemical energy that is turned into thermal energy.
Electrical energy is converted into thermal and kinetic energy.
Waste heat.
The answer is heat engine.
Heat is thermal energy. Always.
It is to be employed
None of those processes causes or produces thermal energy. Each of them moves thermal energy from one place to another.
chemical to thermal