What challenges does religion give to science?

Answer 1

This depends on your point of view. As a Christian, to me, none. Science will eventually catch up. Years ago, the Earth was the center of the Universe, and everything revolved around the planet. The Earth was flat. Science is catching up with the truth.

God's word never changes.

Things that we didn't understand in the past, was all put down to the acts of God.

As we understand the mechanics of how things work, this appears to remove the powers of God, which can be very upsetting to those who have hung their faith on everything.

However, there is room for God in our modern living.

Evolution, is the tool that God uses for creation.

Answer 2

Before answering, it should be pointed out that some religious adherents do not question what scientific consensus says. In that case, there isn't much direct challenge.

But there are other religious adherents who maintain the tradition that God created animal species without the process of evolution. This belief challenges the belief in evolution, in that it goes hand-in-hand with questioning evolution and making an effort to point out its flaws, contradictions, tautologies etc.

The above is a central example (see also its Related Link, attached below), but there are other examples. Religious adherents have beliefs concerning the soul, the afterlife, mankind's purpose, etc., that may be seen as calling the worldview of many scientists into question.