yellow
An even amount of each colour. But to get a dark green colour add more blue, and to get a lighter green add more yellow.
white
Sage green is basically a greyed green. Start with a medium green add white to lighten the shade then add a touch of black to grey the colour down.
To make the colour sky blue you must add white.
Tertiary colours are the six colours on a colour wheel between a primary colour and a secondary colour. They are: Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green, and yellow green. To make any tertiary colour add one part of a secondary colour (green, purple or orange) and one part of one of the two primary colours that make it. For example, to make red-orange add one part red to one part orange.
Mix blue and yellow together, depending on the colour you want, add more of one than the other. eg. 2 part yellow + 1 part blue = A lime green.
The mixture of any secondary colour and the primary colour that is not part of it will result in a brown. For example: Add yellow to purple. Add red to green. Add blue to orange. You could also just add blue and red which makes purple but if its dark enough it might be able to produce a brown-ish colour. If its to purple then just add black to it.
Turquoise is a pastel blue-green colour. To achieve turquoise with primary colours only add 6 parts blue to 4 parts yellow and mix well. Once you have a blue green add 2 parts white to lighten the tone and mix well. Adjust the colour by adding more white as desired and continue mixing well until you have the colour of turquoise you find attractive.
If using paints, simply add a little white and mix. If your looking for a very pale minty colour, just add more white. The amount of white depends on the sort of green you are wanting to make.
Add white to any shade of blue to make it lighter and add more blue to make it darker. If you add white to any colour it will make it lighter.
To turn green black, add black.
For the green they add yellow and blue color aditives. For the brown they add red, blue, and yellow color aditives. Simple as that.