Comet Halley
every 74 to 76 years next expected around 2061
No, there is a gas giant (PSO-J318.5-22) floating by itself in space 80 light years from Earth, near Beta Pictoris.
The planet Earth comes very near to that orbital speed at perihelion, its closest distance to the Sun, which occurs on January 3rd or 4th every year.
While travelling through the solar system it comes near the earth and is captured by the earth's gravity. It is pulled towards the earth until they collide.
Gravitational acceleration near Earth's surface is about 9.8 meters/second2. Equivalently, every kilogram - near Earth's surface - has a weight of about 9.8 newton.
yes
The moon comes near the sun and they from a solar ecliopses
Ever since the Earth coalesced into a near-solid, about 4.6 billion years ago.
There are no known periodic comets with periods near 10K years.
It takes roughly 75 years for Halley's comet to come by the earth. All comets orbit the sun, but they do not all originate from the same place, which accounts for their paths and how long their individual orbit takes.
It is because Earth is near to the Sun and Jupiter is far so when Earth turns 11 turns (years) it will be 1 year in Jupiter...
There is a black hole close to Earth, yes. It is 1,600 light years away.