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The Greek philosopher who first came up with the idea of robots was Aristotle. He wrote about the concept of automatons or self-moving machines in his works.
Aristotle's concept of happiness was called eudaimonia, which is often translated as "well-being" or "flourishing." According to Aristotle, eudaimonia is achieved through living a virtuous and fulfilling life in accordance with reason and excellence.
Aristotle did not discover the atom. The concept of the atom was first proposed by the ancient Greek philosopher Leucippus and his student Democritus around the 5th century BCE. Aristotle, who came after them, did not accept the idea of atoms and instead favored a different view of matter.
No, Aristotle did not believe matter was made of atoms. He believed in the concept of the four elements - earth, water, air, and fire - as the building blocks of matter. This perspective was later challenged by the atomic theory proposed by Democritus and further developed by modern scientists.
Confucius came before Aristotle. Confucius lived in the 6th and 5th centuries BC in China, while Aristotle lived in the 4th century BC in ancient Greece.
Aristotle
Democritus came before Aristotle. Democritus (c. 460-370 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher known for his formulation of atomic theory. Aristotle (384-322 BC) was a student of Plato who went on to become a renowned philosopher in his own right, but he came after Democritus in terms of historical chronology.
Aristotle believed that substance (form and matter) came first, as it underlies all other aspects of reality such as qualities and quantities. He argued that substance is the ultimate foundation of existence and is necessary for all other attributes to exist.
The concept of 'science' did not exist in Aristotle's time, it came into being almost two millennia later (in the late 17th century). Aristotle would have been more familiar with the word 'knowledge', and would have ascribed politics and government to be part of 'knowledge'. He treats politics in the same way, and using the same methods and theories as other fields we today understand as 'science'.
Aristotle did not have a concept of inertia per se. He believed that objects moved because they were subject to an external force, and that there was no need for a specific force to keep an object in motion. It was Galileo who later introduced the concept of inertia as a property of matter.
Aristotle did not have a concept of gravity as we understand it today. He believed that objects fell to the Earth because it was their natural place, based on their elemental composition. This idea of natural motion was different from the concept of gravitational attraction developed later by Isaac Newton.
Galileo had created that theory and had questioned Aristotle