Under the Model Penal Code, for the defendant to be convicted of attempt requires that the defendant have performed a "substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in [the defendant']s commission of the crime" [MPC 5.01(1)(c)].
Similarly, the only way to discern intent is from an objective manifestation of it, even if it is as to a completed crime--in which case its pretty cut and dry, because the manifestation of intent is the completed crime. For instance, if an individual were to enter a bank and pass a note to a teller ordering the teller to hand over cash--even if the individual never took the cash from the teller--this would be considered evidence of an intent to commit the robbery. Simply entering the bank and silently thinking about committing the robbery, but doing nothing, would be insufficient, because there is no objective manifestation of intent.
Distinguish intent from motive, and intentfrom attempt.
Answering "Any observable change in behaviour is prima-facie evidence that learning has taken place?"
Of course. A prima facie case is one which is established by sufficient evidence to prove guilt and can be overthrown only by rebutting evidence produced by the other side.
monopoly
Oligopoly
Yes. The term "prima facie" means "first view" or "immediately apparent"- it refers to evidence that directly suggests a factual connection, such as the guilt of the accused.
yes it is
If the documents include, for example, a letter from the lawyer that describes the arrangement differently from the arrangement itself, then perhaps, although intent is generally proven from all of the facts and circumstances. The family lawyer can seek to rebut your prima facie case with evidence of no mal intent, such as his / her sworn testimony, correspondence, etc.
how big is prima facie of a crime in CA.
It means "at first sight or "first view." As a legal term "prima facie" means "immediately apparent"- it refers to evidence that directly suggests a factual connection, such as the guilt of the accused. This evidence may be rebutted and in some cases could yield an erroneous conclusion.
Prima facie is a Latin term meaning "at first look," or "on its face," and refers to the evidence gathered before trial which is sufficient to prove the case unless substantial contradictory evidence is shown at trial.Actually the term is fairly commonly used in many endeavors outside the court and law. Someone describing something as "Prima Facie" usually means the matter is a "slam-dunk."
Well there is no factual evidence that they are, however there seems to be a Prima facie case that they are deluded.
Res ipsa loquitur (the thing speaks for itself), a doctrine in tort law, can establish a prima facie (evidence that sustains a judgment in the absence of contradictory evidence) case. It is not clear what you are asking in your question about "inland disputes" (definition?).