Tire, rotor, u joint, bent axle shaft, etc.
parking brake on.
The most common cause is low coolant.
Yes, it could. If the fluid contacts the spinning parts of the transmission, it could aerate. Air in the fluid will cause slipping and eventual failure.
Not from the factory. Replacement parts could though.
possibly
A dead battery would not cause an engine to seize
when my dodge stratus started to do that it was because I needed transmission fluid.
Because its a diesel!
Dead short to ground or an overload
The cam position sensor. Worn spark plugs, bad spark plug wires,...................
There are pages and pages of things that can cause a check engine light. You need to have it checked with a scantool. Then the code can be diagnosed and repaired.
You could probably find one pretty cheap because they didn't make the Charger in 2004