Both Biblical Bethlehem and Nazareth are located are in Israel.
Also (for what it's worth,) there is a city of Bethlehem and a village of Nazareth located about 6 miles apart in NE Pennsylvania (US).
Nazareth where Jesus grew up is situated on hill country.
Bethlehem
He traveled from Nazareth to Bethlehem with Mary, where Jesus was born. From Bethlehem he took his family to Egypt. From Egypt they returned to Nazareth.
She was from Nazareth.
The terrain between Nazareth and Bethlehem was a desert , rough and sometime there were robbers to.
We do not know with certainty but it was probably in the town of Nazareth, Galilee, Israel, or in Bethlehem.
Joseph was probably born in Nazareth although his ancestral home was Bethlehem.
the city of Bethlehem
First it was Bethlehem then it was Nazareth.
When Jesus, Mary and Joseph returned from their exile in Egypt they settled in the town of Nazareth. Jesus spent almost his entire life there until he began his public ministry about the age of 30.
Jesus was born in Bethlehem, about six miles from Jerusalem, in Israel. After his birth, he lived there for up to a year. He lived for a short time (a few months to a couple years) somewhere in Egypt after that, then went to Nazareth in Galilee (northern Israel) where he spent most of his childhood. He lived there until he began his ministry, around the age of 30.
Jesus escaped to Egypt from Bethlehem, not Nazareth. King Herod, who wanted to kill him, ordered the massacre of all infant boys in Bethlehem, prompting Joseph and Mary to flee to Egypt with Jesus to keep him safe.