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The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has nationwide jurisdiction over cases involving patent law. It hears appeals of cases involving international trade from the US Court of International Trade.
Municipal court
The Justice Department tries cases of treason.
The United States district courts hears cases involving two states. The last court to hear the case would be the Supreme Court.
It's decided by location. The court in Chicago hears cases for northern Illinois, the court in Los Angeles hears cases for central Califirnia, etc.
Section 2 of Article III of the constitution sates:"In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction."The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases involving two states, and cases involving ambassadors, consuls, or other public ministers.This is not to be confused with appellate jurisdiction. Original jurisdiction is when the court hears the case first. Appellate jurisdiction is when the court hears an appeal from another court of original jurisdiction.
The Supreme Court hears the most important cases.
Bankruptcy Court is filed in Federal District Court, however, exemptions claimed are state regulated.
The Supreme Court hears cases which are on final appeal. The Supreme Court also hears cases relating to national elections.
All courts.
The US Court of International Trade hears cases involving US tariff laws. The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has jurisdiction over appeals.
The Supreme Court hears the largest number of cases. They have the power to decide appeals on all cases from the other levels of court.