Bankruptcy Court is filed in Federal District Court, however, exemptions claimed are state regulated.
shariah
The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has nationwide jurisdiction over cases involving patent law. It hears appeals of cases involving international trade from the US Court of International Trade.
Municipal court
Federal laws, as passed by the elecrted members of Congress. A Federal Court specifically for BK - The US Bankrutpcy Court (with many circuits), hears cases involving it.
The Justice Department tries cases of treason.
The United States district courts hears cases involving two states. The last court to hear the case would be the Supreme Court.
US Special Courts or courts of special jurisdiction hear a variety of cases, each related to a particular subject matter. For example, US Bankruptcy Courts hear bankruptcy cases; US Tax Court hears federal tax cases; the US Court of Federal Claims hears cases involving monetary damages against the US government; the US Court of Appeals for Veteran's Claims hears appeals of decisions made by the Board of Veteran's Appeals, and so on. Military courts are also considered special courts.
It's decided by location. The court in Chicago hears cases for northern Illinois, the court in Los Angeles hears cases for central Califirnia, etc.
Section 2 of Article III of the constitution sates:"In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction."The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases involving two states, and cases involving ambassadors, consuls, or other public ministers.This is not to be confused with appellate jurisdiction. Original jurisdiction is when the court hears the case first. Appellate jurisdiction is when the court hears an appeal from another court of original jurisdiction.
The Supreme Court typically hears cases involving constitutional issues, disputes between states, and cases with significant national importance.
The Supreme Court hears the most important cases.
The Supreme Court hears cases which are on final appeal. The Supreme Court also hears cases relating to national elections.