Plasma Cells
plasmmocytes, also caled plasma cells
T-cells are lymphcytes that develop in the thymus, and are used to search and destroy inferior antigens by stimulating b cells to produce antibodies and activate killer t-cells to get rid of them.
T-cells are lymphcytes that develop in the thymus, and are used to search and destroy inferior antigens by stimulating b cells to produce antibodies and activate killer t-cells to get rid of them.
immunodeficiency diseases
Code 96 donors have a particular combination of antigens that make their red cells rare. An antigen is a type of protein on the outer surface of the red blood cell. When a patient receives a transfusion of blood carrying the same antigens as his or her own blood, the donor red cells are "welcomed" into the body because they do not recognize the transfused cells are foreign. If the patient does not have the same antigens, they may develop antibodies to the antigens and their body may reject or react with future blood transfused with these antigens. Patients who are transfused very often can easily form antibodies (immune responses) to some red cell antigens. Once antibodies from, these patients require very precisely matched transfusions to prevent transfusion reactions and production of more antibodies. Some of the conditions that requireSickle Cell anemiaThalassemia (or Cooley's Anemia)LeukemiaChemotherapy Treatment
after certain streptococcal bacteria (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci) have infected the skin or throat. Antigens from the dead streptococci clump together with the antibodies that killed them. These clumps are trapped in the kidney tubules
Type O, Rh positive individuals have anti-A, anti-B and anti-AB antibodies in their plasma. Anti-AB antibody is a separate antibody uniquely found in type O individuals. These are naturally occurring antibodies and develop without prior exposure to non-self red cell antigens. In addition to the ABO system, there are over 30 additional blood systems/groups of importance in immunohematology. While antibodies to these additional red cell antigens generally develop following exposure to non-self RBC's, there are documented instances of alloantibody formation without identifiable blood exposure.
The answer is B-cells. B cells also known as B lymphocytes principal function is to make antibodies against antigens and develop into memory B Cells after activation by interaction. They also signal immune regulatory functions.
no when Rh negative blood from the fetus interacts with Rh+ blood of the mother there will be no antibodies produced due to absence of antigen on the Rh- blood cells and when Rh positive is mixed with Rh negative blood of fetus no response is produced due to the fact that the fetus has an underdeveloped immune system
The red blood cells define the blood group you actually belong to. There are small markers known as antigens on the red cells surface, but they are so tiny that it cannot be viewed under a microscope. However, every person has different antigens but for identical twins. The antigens identify the blood types and are the key to match the transfusions as well that helps in avoiding serious complications. The blood group structure is defined as the ABO system. Another significant factor worth considering is the Rh system. All the blood groups have the possibility of having Rh antigens. Conversely, there are some who have it, while some do not have it. In case, the blood group belongs to Rh antigens, then they are Rh positive and a person having A blood group with Rh positive is recognized as A+. In case a person has A blood group with Rh negative, then it is A-. This is the same pattern followed for O, B or AB blood group as well. The Rh system duals the blood groups effectively so that the positive blood type does not get mixed with negative.
Yes, passive immunity is developed when you receive antibodies from another person.
Most people infected with HIV will develop detectable antibodies to the infection within three months of exposure
In Widal test, you measure the antibodies. It takes minimum one week to develop the antibodies of typhoid bacteria.